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一、导言隧洞渐变段的应力分析比较烦琐,国内过去的设计大部运用柱比法进行,由于荷重的种类比较多,计算工作量很大,如果能够编制成套的公式或图表应用,将大大简化计算和避免错误。布尔德兹格拉编著的“水工管道和隧洞的新型结构”一书(1954年第一版,1955年译成中文)就具备了这样一个优点。遗憾的是,由于出版、或者是译者和作者的不小心,书中错误之处较多,并且还有个别公式不能普遍应用(如内水压力公式是一个特例),因此,在作武都水工隧洞结构计算时,将有用的公式重新作了推导,我们自信是谨慎从事的,如运用时发现有不妥之处,希予指正。
I. INTRODUCTION The stress analysis in the tunnel transition section is cumbersome. Most of the past designs in China used the column method. Because of the large number of loads and the heavy workload, it would be greatly simplified if the formula or chart application can be compiled Calculate and avoid mistakes. The book “New Structures for Hydraulic Pipes and Tunnels” (first edition, 1954, translated into Chinese, 1944) by Bourdez Gera offers such an advantage. Unfortunately, due to the publication, or the carelessness of the translator and the author, there are many errors in the book, and there are some formulas that can not be used universally (such as the formula of internal water pressure is a special case). Therefore, Hydraulic tunnel structure calculation, the formula will be useful to derive a new, we are confident to be cautious, such as the use of found to have inappropriate, hope to correct me.