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目的 探讨表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）表达、滋养细胞增生与葡萄胎恶变的关系。方法 检测石蜡包埋的135例葡萄胎和13例正常早孕绒毛标本,常规组织切片病理观察滋养细胞增生程度,免疫组化法检测EGFR表达情况。结果EGFR在所有类型的滋养细胞和正常绒毛中表达。全部合体滋养层细胞的EGFR为强阳性。在细胞滋养层细胞,非恶变组葡萄胎EGFR阳性表达率与正常绒毛的阳性表达率无显著差异（P>0.05）,恶变组葡萄胎EGFR的阳性表达率显著低于正常绒毛和无恶变组葡萄胎（P<0.05,P<0.01）;轻度滋养细胞增生者EGFR阳性表达率显著强于中度及重度滋养细胞增生者（P<0.01,P<0.01）,中度与重度滋养细胞增生者EGFR表达无显著性差异（P>0.05）。结论 恶变组葡萄胎EGFR的表达弱于非恶变组葡萄胎,滋养细胞增生程度重者EGFR表达减少,EGFR表达降低在葡萄胎恶变过程中可能有重要的生物学意义。
Objective To investigate the relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression, trophoblast proliferation and hydatidiform mole malignant transformation. Methods Totally 135 cases of hydatidiform moles embedded in paraffin and 13 cases of normal early pregnancy villi were examined. The degree of trophoblast proliferation was observed by routine histological sections. The expression of EGFR was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results EGFR was expressed in all types of trophoblasts and normal villi. The EGFR of all syncytiotrophoblasts was strongly positive. In the cytotrophoblast cells, the positive expression rate of EGFR in hydatidiform mole was not significantly different from that in normal villus (P> 0.05), while the positive expression rate of EGFR in hydatidiform mole was significantly lower than that in normal villus and non-malignant group (P <0.05, P <0.01). The positive expression rate of EGFR in mild trophoblastic cells was significantly higher than that in moderate and severe trophoblastic cells (P <0.01, P <0.01), while moderate to severe trophoblastic hyperplasia There was no significant difference in EGFR expression (P> 0.05). Conclusion The expression of EGFR in hydatidiform mole in malignant group is weaker than that in non-malignant hydatidiform mole, and the expression of EGFR is decreased in severe hydropic hyperplasia. The decrease of EGFR expression may have important biological significance in the hydatidiform mole malignant transformation.