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火力发电锅炉中,作为给水和蒸汽逐级加热的“四管”部件—省煤器管、水冷壁管、过热器管和再热器管,由于工作条件不同(包括温度、压力、介质环境的不同),用材不同,因此发生失效的类型也常常不同。本文对这四种部件的常见失效形式和失效机理进行了概述,特别是对于高温高压运行的过热器和再热器管的失效类型和机理给予了重点的分析,其中超超临界锅炉中新近开始应用的新型Super304H不锈钢出现的晶间腐蚀问题,本文给予了特别的关注,并就其成分设计和交货热处理工艺提出了慎重的思考。
As a “four-tube” component of feedwater and steam, coal-fired, water-cooled, superheater, and reheater tubes in thermal power boilers are subject to different operating conditions including temperature, pressure, Environmental differences), different materials, so the type of failure is often different. In this paper, the common failure modes and failure mechanisms of these four components are summarized. Especially, the failure types and mechanism of superheater and reheater tubes operating at high temperature and pressure are analyzed emphatically. Among them, the recent start of ultra-supercritical boilers The application of the new Super304H stainless steel intergranular corrosion problems, this article gave special attention, and its composition design and delivery of heat treatment process put forward careful consideration.