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中华文明自古至今未曾间断,重点表现在主流思想的传承和演变上。中国古代的主流思想是儒家思想,它兴起于春秋战国之交,形成于秦汉,此后不断发展,影响至今。1840年前后,受西方社会经济、政治和文化全方位冲击,中国社会兴起向西方学习的主流思想,新旧思想间出现争斗、交替和初步融合。从20世纪初开始,结合西方社会思想和中国的国情,逐步形成了有中国特色的三大思想理论成果:孙中山的“三民主义”、毛泽东思想和邓小平理论。在这些主流思想的引导下,中国社会逐步走向近现代化。
The Chinese civilization has never stopped since ancient times, and its emphasis has been on the inheritance and evolution of mainstream ideas. The main idea of ancient China was Confucianism. It rose from the turn of the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States and formed in the Qin and Han Dynasties. Since then, it has continued to develop and has influenced so far. Around 1840, influenced by the social, economic, political, and cultural influences of the West, Chinese society has emerged as a mainstream ideology for learning from the West. There has been struggle, alternation, and initial integration between the old and new ideas. Starting from the beginning of the 20th century, combined with Western social thoughts and China’s national conditions, the three major ideological and theoretical achievements with Chinese characteristics were gradually formed: Sun Yat-sen’s “Three People’s Principles”, Mao Zedong Thought, and Deng Xiaoping Theory. Guided by these mainstream ideas, Chinese society gradually moves toward modernization.