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自亚当·斯密提出技术进步论以来,西方经济学界逐渐出现了分析经济增长的均衡分析范式和演化分析范式。均衡分析范式包括新古典增长理论和新经济增长理论,演化分析范式则萌芽于熊彼特的技术创新理论、发展于新制度经济学的制度—技术—经济增长论、成形于演化经济学视角下的技术与经济增长理论。本文通过回顾历史上的主要经济增长理论,并阐述了在各自的视角下技术进步如何影响经济增长,初步发现两种范式立足于不同的哲学基础,建立了不同的基本假设和分析框架,最终得出演化分析范式下的经济增长理论更加适合未来多变的经济增长环境。
Since Adam Smith put forward the theory of technological progress, western economists have gradually emerged a balanced analysis paradigm and an evolutionary analysis paradigm for analyzing economic growth. The equilibrium analysis paradigm includes the neo-classical growth theory and the new economic growth theory. The evolution analysis paradigm comes from Schumpeterian theory of technological innovation, which develops in the system of new institutional economics-technology-economic growth theory. It is formed from the perspective of evolutionary economics Technology and economic growth theory. By reviewing the major theories of economic growth in history and expounding how technological progress affects economic growth from their respective perspectives, this paper first finds that the two paradigms are based on different philosophical foundations and establish different basic assumptions and analytical frameworks. Ultimately, The theory of economic growth under the paradigm of evolution analysis is more suitable for the changing economic growth environment in the future.