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文明转型的原因曾经引起了学者们的普遍关注。然而,由于个人主义方法论的影响,经济学未能很好地解释现代文明的产生过程。本文试图从人类更为原始的种群生存目标出发,讨论人类的集体经济活动模式与利他性的公共经济活动规律。本文用公共经济制度来定义文明,用公共产品需求结构的变迁来解释现代文明转型成功的原因。正是在这个意义上,本文得出结论,作为一种实现种群生存目标的制度选择,文明形态的转型实际上遵循着集体博弈的原则,所谓的现代文明转型,既不是技术的变迁,也不是产权制度的变迁,而是国家政治制度的变迁,是各个社会的精英有意构建更为有效的公共经济制度的集体选择的结果。
The reasons for the transformation of civilization have aroused the widespread concern of scholars. However, due to the influence of individualism methodology, economics failed to explain the process of modern civilization well. This article tries to discuss the law of collective economic activities and altruistic public economic activities of human beings based on the more primitive human survival goals of human beings. This paper uses the public economic system to define the civilization, and uses the change of the structure of the demand for public goods to explain the reasons for the success of the modern civilization. It is in this sense that this paper concludes that as a system choice to achieve the goal of population survival, the transformation of civilized form actually follows the principle of collective game. The so-called transformation of modern civilization is neither technological change nor The change in the system of property rights, but the change in the political system in the country, is the result of the collective choice of the elites of all societies to deliberately build a more effective public economic system.