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考察广东产业结构四十年发展演变的过程,我们已经得到以下的共识:农村打破以粮唯一的格局,由单一的生产结构向高层次的农村综合经济方向发展;工业通过技术引进改造,发挥了轻型工业结构的优势,取得较好成效;能源、交通、大型基础设施建设有了很大加强,第三产业有较快的发展;产业外向型特征显著;乡镇企业举足轻重。与此并存的严重问题是:农业的支撑力不强;基础工业滞后而加工工业过度膨胀;第三产业的发展与整个社会经济发展不相适应(作为“先行官”的交通运输没有先行,邮电通讯业面临着新的巨大压力);产业组织结构不合理(“大而全”、“小而全”、“不大不小”的企业影响了企业经济效益的发挥,各地区片面追求自成体系,削弱了地区特色与优势,产业结构趋同现象严重);产业科技水平落后,与发达国家相比有较大差距。
To examine the process of the development and evolution of Guangdong’s industrial structure over the past 40 years, we have reached the following consensus: the rural areas have broken the only pattern of providing food by grain; they have been moving from a single production structure to a high-level rural comprehensive economy; industrialization has brought in The advantages of light industrial structure have achieved good results; the construction of energy, transportation and large-scale infrastructure has been greatly strengthened, the tertiary industry has developed rapidly; the characteristics of the industrial export-oriented industry have been remarkable; and the township and village enterprises have taken the most important role. The serious problems that co-exist with them are: weak support for agriculture; lagging basic industries and excessive expansion of processing industries; development of the tertiary industry is incompatible with the overall social and economic development (transportation as “forerunner” has no precedence; postal and telecommunications Industry faces immense new pressure); irrational structure of industrial organization (“big and all,” “small and complete,” “big and small” enterprises have affected the development of enterprises’ economic benefits, and all regions have pursued their own self-contained system , Weakened the regional characteristics and advantages, and the convergence of industrial structure was serious.) The level of industrial science and technology lags behind and there is a big gap compared with developed countries.