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目的了解贵阳地区不同季节、性别、年龄的病毒性腹泻相关病毒的流行现况,为病毒性腹泻的诊治及预防提供依据。方法收集6家哨点医院2010年6～11月间就诊的急性腹泻患者粪便426份,采用实时荧光RT-PCR法检测人轮状病毒(Human Rotavirus,HRV)-A/B/C组、诺如病毒(Norovirus,NV)-G1/G2型、札如病毒(Sapovirus,SV)、人星状病毒(Human Astrovirus,Hast V)、小双节RNA病毒(Picobirnavirus,PBV)-Ⅰ/Ⅱ型及肠道腺病毒(Enteric Ade-novirus,EAdV),并按季节、性别及年龄进行病原构成的统计分析。结果贵阳地区腹泻的病原按位次以NV-G2(62.68%)、HRV-A(38.97%,婴幼儿为主)及Hast V(32.39%,成人为主),夏季病例标本中NV-G2、HastV、PBV-Ⅰ及Ad V的检出率相对较高(P﹤0.05),秋季病例标本中HRV-B及HRV-C的检出率相对较高(P﹤0.05);并且Hast V及PBV-Ⅱ的检出率较其他年龄组高(P﹤0.05);男性及婴幼儿病例标本中NV-G2的检出率相对较高(P﹤0.05);未发现HRV-B及HRV-C的流行。426例腹泻标本总的病毒检出率为95.07%,其中单一病原阳性率为37.55%,单一病原感染的腹泻以NV-G2及PBV-Ⅱ为主,混合感染的病原阳性率为56.58%。结论 NV-G2型、HRV-A组(婴幼儿)、HastV(成人)是本地区引起夏秋季腹泻的主要病原,以腹泻相关病毒混合感染为主。
Objective To understand the prevalence of viral diarrhea-related viruses in different seasons, sexes and ages in Guiyang and to provide basis for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of viral diarrhea. Methods 426 fecal samples of acute diarrhea patients were collected from 6 sentinel hospitals between June and November in 2010. Real-time fluorescent RT-PCR was used to detect human rotavirus (HRV) -A / B / C group. Such as Norovirus (NV) -G1 / G2, Sapovirus (SV), Human Astrovirus (Hast V), Picobirnavirus (PBV) -I / II and Enteric Ade-novirus (EAdV), and statistical analysis of pathogenic constitution was made according to season, sex and age. Results The prevalences of diarrhea in Guiyang were NV-G2 (62.68%), HRV-A (38.97%, infants and young children) and Hast V (32.39% The detection rates of HastV, PBV-I and Ad V were relatively high (P <0.05), and the detection rates of HRV-B and HRV-C in autumn samples were relatively higher (P <0.05) (P <0.05). The detection rate of NV-G2 in male and infants was higher than that in other age groups (P <0.05). No detectable HRV-B and HRV-C popular. The total detection rate of virus in 426 cases was 95.07%. The positive rate of single pathogen was 37.55%. The single pathogen infected diarrhea was mainly NV-G2 and PBV-Ⅱ. The positive rate of mixed infection was 56.58%. Conclusion NV-G2, HRV-A (infants and young children) and HastV (adult) are the main pathogens causing diarrhea in summer and autumn in this area, with mixed infection of diarrhea-related viruses.