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民族理论是政党和阶级处理民族问题的指导思想。中国民族理论是马克思主义民族理论与中国革命与社会主义建设实践相结合的产物。它的发展过程可以分为三个时期；即：创建时期、形成时期、完善时期。梳理中国民族理论的发展史，讨论它的贡献，有助于我们正确认识中国民族理论的学科地位，自觉地运用民族理论指导我们的工作，维护民族团结。
Nationalism theory is the guiding ideology of political parties and classes in handling ethnic issues. China’s national theory is a product of the combination of Marxist national theory with the practice of the Chinese revolution and construction of socialism. Its development process can be divided into three periods: namely, the founding period, the forming period and the perfecting period. Combing the history of the development of Chinese national theory and discussing its contribution help us to correctly understand the academic status of Chinese national theory and consciously apply our theory of nation to our work and safeguard national unity.