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目的:探索手掌大鱼际肌区桡动脉掌浅支的解剖结构,来评价用此区做逆行岛状皮瓣的可能性。方法:将灌注15%～30%过氯乙烯的手掌大鱼际肌部分为4个区。剖开手掌皮肤后,将手掌血管制成动脉铸型标本,观测桡动脉掌浅支的分支、分布及吻合情况。结果:手掌大鱼际肌近侧区的掌皮穿动脉少,数目3-9支,直径0.2±0.1mm,远侧区的掌皮穿动脉多,数目8-15支,直径0.3±0.2mm。桡动脉掌浅支的主干走行恒定,桡动脉掌浅支动脉主干与其分支的关系可分为四型,即丰字、桡侧半羽型、尺侧半羽型与Y型。结论:桡动脉掌浅支在手掌大鱼肌际区的分布恒定,以桡动脉掌浅支的主干与分支情况为基础可设计三种不同的逆行岛状皮瓣,第一种皮瓣为手掌大鱼际肌区皮瓣,第二种皮瓣为手掌大鱼际肌区近侧区皮瓣,第三种皮瓣为掌大鱼际肌区远侧区皮瓣,这些皮瓣可以用来修复重建手掌或手指掌面的软组织缺失。
OBJECTIVE: To explore the anatomic structure of the superficial branch of the radial artery of the greater intertidal area of the palms to evaluate the possibility of retrograde island flaps using this area. Methods: Perfusion of 15% to 30% perchlorethylene palm major intima muscle part of the four districts. Cut open the palm of the skin, the palm of the vessel made of artificial casts, observation of radial artery branch of the superficial branch, distribution and anastomosis. Results: The palmar bifurcation of the large intertidal muscle of the palms had less perforators, 3-9 in diameter and 0.2 ± 0.1 mm in diameter. The periapical skin of the distal area had many perforators with 8-15 branches and a diameter of 0.3 ± 0.2 mm . The main branch of the radial artery superficial branch of the constant walking, radial artery superficial branch artery branch and its relationship can be divided into four types, namely, the word Feng, radial feather type, ulnar and Y-shaped ulnar. CONCLUSION: The distribution of the superficial branch of the radial artery in the interocular area of the big finger of the palm is constant. Three different retrograde island flaps can be designed based on the trunk and branch of the superficial branch of the radial artery. The first flap is the palm Big intertidal muscle zone flap, the second flap for the palm of the big fishbone zone near the skin flap, the third flap for the greater dorsal muscle area distal zone flap, these flaps can be used Repair reconstruction of palm or finger palm missing soft tissue.