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在力学中动能和势能是两种最基本的能量形式,可以与其他形式的能发生转化,同时它们也是构成物体机械能的基本因素。在中学阶段,动能和势能的概念形成是能量概念建立的基础,动能定理(功能关系)、机械能守恒定律是能量守恒定律建立的基础。守恒关系是自然界中十分重要的关系,从中学开始加强学生对守恒关系的认识是有益的,因为它是极为重要的研究方向,也是解决问题的主要方法。
In mechanics, kinetic energy and potential energy are the two most basic form of energy, and can be transformed with other forms, at the same time, they are also the basic factors that constitute the mechanical energy of an object. In the secondary stage, the concept of kinetic energy and potential energy is the foundation of energy concept. The kinetic energy theorem (functional relation) and the law of conservation of mechanical energy are the foundations of the law of conservation of energy. Conservative relationship is a very important relationship in nature. It is beneficial to strengthen students’ understanding of conservation relations from high school because it is an extremely important research direction and the main method to solve the problem.