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在近代技术中运用着高速高压及高温技术。机器的零件和结构通常在快速改变负载的条件下工作,而且应用越来越多的各种材料。因此,材料试验技术具有特别重要的意义。在试验技术中越来越广泛地引用最新的物理学成就来制订全新的试验方法。金属合金是机器制造的主要材料,根据所要求的性能在合金中加入各种各样的加入剂,其最适宜的含量往往必须十分严格地控制。例如,在生铁中只要含有稍多于0.07%的铬时,它的工艺性能便会急剧变坏。但是在这生铁中再
In modern technology using high-speed high-pressure and high temperature technology. Machine parts and structures usually work under conditions of rapid load changes and more and more materials are used. Therefore, material testing technology is of particular importance. Increasingly, experimental techniques are used to draw on newest physics achievements to devise entirely new test methods. Metal alloys are the main materials used in machine construction. Depending on the desired properties, a wide range of additives are added to the alloy, and their optimum content must often be very tightly controlled. For example, when the pig iron contains only slightly more than 0.07% chromium, its processability deteriorates drastically. But in this pig iron again