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斋堂盆地的马兰黄土，是我国晚更新世的标准地层之一。为了揭示该地黄土的生成及其形成古环境，本文着重对该盆地黄土进行了构造、结构、颗粒成分、碳酸盐以及铁锰集合体等综合研究。研究结果表明，斋堂盆地的马兰黄土同黄河中游的马兰黄土在组织结构、构造以及颗粒成分上极为类似，同属风成沉积；离石黄土同黄河中游离石黄土之间存在明显差异，在其形成过程中，曾经遭受过多次坡洪积作用参与。在马兰黄土中还遭受若干次冻融作用，表明斋堂盆地黄土形成时某些阶段古气温还相当低。
Malan loess in Zhaitang Basin is one of the standard strata of Late Pleistocene in China. In order to reveal the formation of loess and its paleoenvironment, this paper focuses on the comprehensive study of the structure, structure, grain composition, carbonate and Fe-Mn assemblages of loess in this basin. The results show that the Malan loess in Zhaitang Basin is very similar to the Malan loess in the middle reaches of the Yellow River in terms of its structure, structure and grain composition, and belongs to the same type of aeolian sedimentation. There is a significant difference between Lishi Loess and the middle loess of the Yellow River, In the process of formation, it has been subjected to many times of slope accumulation. In the Malan loess, it also suffered several freeze-thaw cycles, indicating that the Paleogene loess at some stages of paleoclimate temperature was still relatively low.