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联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会于1992年5月9日通过《联合国气候变化框架公约》。1997年12月于日本京都通过了《公约》的第一个附加协议,即《京都议定书》。《京都议定书》把市场机制作为解决二氧化碳为代表的温室气体减排问题的新路径,即把二氧化碳排放权作为一种商品,从而形成了二氧化碳排放权的交易,简称碳交易。碳交易是为促进全球温室气体减排,减少全球二氧化碳排放所采用的市场机制。其基本原理是,合同的一方通过支付另一方获得温室气体减排
United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change on May 9, 1992 through the “United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.” In December 1997, Kyoto passed the first additional agreement of the “Kyoto Protocol.” “Kyoto Protocol” the market mechanism as a solution to the problem of greenhouse gas emissions of carbon dioxide, a new path that the carbon dioxide emissions as a commodity, which formed a carbon dioxide emissions trading, referred to as carbon trading. Carbon trading is a market mechanism used to promote global greenhouse gas reductions and reduce global carbon dioxide emissions. The rationale is that one party to the contract obtains the greenhouse gas emission reduction by paying the other