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当工件直径和长度之比为1:30以上时,通常称为细长轴,由于细长比较大,因此在车床上车削时机床—刀具—装夹等工艺系统的刚性差。在切削过程中受到切削力作用很容易产生弯曲与振动,限制了切削用量的提高,而且不易获得满意的几何精度和表面光洁度,工件常产生翘曲、凸肚,竹节、棱形、锥度过大等缺陷,以致造成报废。此外细长轴由于热扩散性差,
When the ratio of workpiece diameter to length is 1:30 or more, it is often called the slender shaft. Due to its large slenderness, the rigidity of the system such as the machine tool-tool-clamping system is poor when turning on the lathe. In the cutting process by the cutting force is very easy to produce bending and vibration, limiting the increase in the amount of cutting, and difficult to obtain satisfactory geometric accuracy and surface finish, the workpiece often have warping, convex belly, bamboo, prismatic, tapered Large and other defects, resulting in scrapped. In addition, the elongated shaft due to poor thermal diffusivity,