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纳撒尼尔·霍桑是19世纪美国著名的浪漫主义小说家,目前学术界对于霍桑的研究较为全面、深入,主要集中在对其小说中的清教文化、作品的象征意义、心理描写手法、《圣经》原型、女性意识等方面的研究。也有学者从生态角度作为切入点来分析霍桑的文学作品,但是大多从生态女性主义、生态批评视角等方面进行解读,还不够全面、系统。本文拟从霍桑小说中的自然生态、社会生态、精神生态三个方面对霍桑文学作品的生态立场进行解读。
Nathaniel Hawthorne is a famous romantic novelist in the 19th century in the United States. At present, the research on Hawthorne in academia is more comprehensive and in-depth. The main focus is on the symbolism and psychology of the Puritan culture in his novels, Technique, biblical archetypes and feminine consciousness. Some scholars also analyze Hawthorne’s literary works from an ecological point of view, but most of them are not fully and systematically interpreted from the perspectives of ecofeminism and ecocriticism. This article intends to interpret Hawthorne’s literary works’ ecological position from three aspects: natural ecology, social ecology and spiritual ecology in Hawthorne’s novels.