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目的 掌握消灭脊灰工作进展情况和不同人群中脊灰野病毒的消亡状态 ,为制定有效免疫策略提供依据。方法 在 1996～ 1999年所有AFP病例和AFP病例密切接触者、重点地区 5岁以下健康儿童中 ,采集粪便标本 776份检测脊灰病毒 ,应用 2种以上敏感传代细胞培养 ,用基因序列分析方法判断病毒型别。结果 共检测脊灰病毒 2 4株 ,非脊灰肠道病毒 81株 ,分离率分别为 3 0 9%与 13 5 3% ,经国家脊灰实验室和美国CDC最终鉴定 :脊灰野病毒Ⅰ型 2株 ,与印度 1998年Ⅰ型野病毒符合率 >98% ,判定为由印度传入野病毒 ,其它脊灰病毒均为疫苗病毒。结论 1994年以来全省无本土脊灰野病毒流行 ,各项监测指标达到和接近国家要求 ,证实我省已阻断本土脊灰野病毒传播 ,达到无脊灰标准。传入野病毒的及时发现 ,反映出AFP病例监测系统敏感性和及时性较高 ,但该病例的发生提示局部地区存在着脊灰疫苗免疫空白或低接种率水平
OBJECTIVE To grasp the progress of polio eradication and the demise of poliovirus in different populations, and provide evidence for the development of an effective immunization strategy. Methods A total of 776 samples of stool were collected for detection of poliovirus from all AFP cases and close contact with AFP patients from 1996 to 1999 in healthy children under 5 years of age in key areas. Two or more sensitive subcultures were used to detect the presence of poliovirus. Gene sequence analysis Virus type. Results A total of 24 strains of poliovirus and 81 strains of non-polio enterovirus were detected. The isolation rates were 30.9% and 13.53% respectively. The Poliovirus type Ⅰ 2 strains. The coincidence rate with wild type I wild type virus in 1998 was> 98% in India, and it was determined that wild type virus was transmitted from India. All the other poliovirus were vaccine viruses. Conclusion Since 1994, there is no endemic poliovirus in the province, and the monitoring indicators reach and meet the requirements of the country, confirming that the province has blocked the transmission of the native poliovirus and reached the polio-free standard. The timely detection of wild-type virus invaded, reflecting the higher sensitivity and timeliness of AFP surveillance system, but the occurrence of this case suggested that there was a local immunization blank or low vaccination rate of poliovirus