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有限单元法是应用计算机的近似数值分析方法。它广泛应用于航空、船舶、水利、土木等各个工程领域的复杂零件及结构构件设计中,已获得较好的计算效果。计算速度快,计算精度满足工程要求是它的显著优点,因之,在机械设计中大力推广有限单元法的应用是十分重要的。有限单元法的应用研究主要是建立合理的力学模型,正确处理好边界条件及载荷工况,选择满足要求的计算程序等几个问题。大型挖掘机斗柄及铲斗是挖掘机工作装置的复杂构件,过去应力计算是基于简化的平面分析基础上的,我们在进行某项大型挖掘机的开发研究时,曾以WK一4A型挖掘机为对象,研究应用有限元法对斗柄一铲斗系统进行静、动力分析,现介绍如下。
The finite element method is an approximate numerical analysis method using a computer. It is widely used in the design of complex parts and structural components in various engineering fields such as aviation, shipbuilding, water conservancy, and civil engineering, and has achieved good calculation results. Calculating speed is fast, and the calculation accuracy meets engineering requirements is its significant advantage. Therefore, it is very important to promote the application of finite element method in mechanical design. The application research of the finite element method is mainly to establish a reasonable mechanical model, correctly handle the boundary conditions and load conditions, select a number of problems to meet the requirements of the calculation program. Excavator handles and buckets are the complex components of the excavator’s work equipment. The past stress calculations were based on simplified plane analysis. We used the WK-4A model for the development of a large excavator. The machine is the object. The static and dynamic analysis of the bucket-bucket system by using the finite element method is studied. Now it is introduced as follows.