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[目的]分析首诊于呼吸内科的艾滋病患者的临床特征和误诊原因,为早期诊段和减少误诊提供依据。[方法]回顾性分析本院首诊于呼吸内科的42例艾滋病患者的临床资料。[结果]首诊于呼吸内科的艾滋病患者42例、其中男性30例;常见的临床症状为发热38例(90.5%)、咳嗽28例(66.7%),咳痰24例(57.1%),呼吸困难16例(38.1%);40例患者淋巴细胞计数或比率明显下降;胸部CT双肺毛玻璃样间质病变16例;感染途径以性接触传播为主为34例(80.1%);院外误诊漏诊40例,误漏诊率达95.2%。[结论]艾滋病患者容易首先就诊于呼吸内科,其临床表现无特异性、容易误诊漏诊;临床医生应提高认识并重视血清HIV抗体的检测,以早期诊断和治疗艾滋病。
[Objective] To analyze the clinical characteristics and causes of misdiagnosis of AIDS patients who were first diagnosed as respiratory medicine and provide evidence for early diagnosis and reduction of misdiagnosis. [Methods] The clinical data of 42 AIDS patients who were first diagnosed as respiratory medicine in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. [Results] Twenty-four AIDS patients were diagnosed in respiratory medicine, including 30 males. The common clinical symptoms were fever in 38 (90.5%), cough in 28 (66.7%), sputum in 24 (57.1%), Difficulties in 16 cases (38.1%); 40 patients with lymphocyte count or ratio decreased significantly; chest CT double lung interstitial lung interstitial lesions in 16 cases; route of infection mainly sexual contact transmission was 34 cases (80.1%); 40 cases, misdiagnosis rate of 95.2%. [Conclusion] It is easy for AIDS patients to visit the respiratory medicine first, and their clinical manifestations are nonspecific and easy to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. Clinicians should raise their awareness and pay attention to the detection of serum HIV antibody in order to diagnose and treat AIDS early.