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目的对一个国家旅游者样本估计其HIV感染危险因素和测定HIV流行率。设计对一家医院门诊部的新病人作断面研究,让病人自填一份有关旅游前和旅游期间性行为的匿名调查表,并检测尿样是否有HIV抗体。地点伦敦热带病医院。对象 6个月期间的所有病人。结果在联系的782人中,757人(97%)同意参加。其中141人(18.6%)在最近出国旅游时曾有过新性伴。在国外有性行为的人,几乎三分之二的人每次与新性伴发生性关系时不用避孕套,5.7%的人在最近的旅游中患上性传播疾病(STD),被WHO划为Ⅰ类国家的男子,26%在国外嫖娼。731名参加者有16人(2.2%)为HIV抗体阳性。与HIV阳性有关的因素是:出生于东非、中非或南非,来到英国后有STD症状并在治疗STD。结论上述国际旅游者报告的不安全性行为发生率和在国外嫖娼,表明这些人的国内外性伴均有罹患及传播STD包括HIV的可能。随着亚洲的HIV发病率增高(亚洲是英国旅游者仅次于非洲南部的最常去的地方),今后在国外患上HIV病的人数将会增多。
Objective To estimate a HIV risk factor and measure HIV prevalence in a sample of national tourists. Designing a cross-sectional study of new patients in a hospital outpatient department to allow patients to self-fill an anonymous questionnaire about pre-travel and travel sex activities and to detect urine samples for HIV antibodies. Location London Tropical Hospital. Subjects All patients during 6 months. Out of the 782 persons contacted, 757 (97%) agreed to participate. Of these, 141 (18.6%) had new partners during their recent overseas trips. Nearly two-thirds of people who have sex abroad do not have a condom every time they have new sexual partners, 5.7% have sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in recent trips and are classified by WHO For men in category I countries, 26% are prostitutes abroad. 16 of the 731 participants (2.2%) were HIV-positive. The factors associated with HIV positive are: Born in East Africa, Central Africa or South Africa, STD symptoms and treatment of STD after coming to the UK. Conclusions The incidence of unsafe sex and prostitution reported abroad by the above-mentioned international travelers suggest that both domestic and foreign partners of these individuals are at risk of developing and transmitting STDs, including HIV. As the incidence of HIV in Asia increases (Asia is second only to British tourists in southern Africa, the most frequent places), in the future the number of HIV-infected patients will increase.