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引言近年来,在数字电路中大规模集成电路的广泛应用,标志着许多工业技术部门正开始一场改革,MOS技术的迅速发展,使之可以在一个硅片上集成越来越复杂的电路,同时可以提高组装密度,获得更高的操作速度和降低功耗。这种大规模集成的数字电路,包括微处理机在内,其中最早的在1971年就已商品化。微处理机已经在各种类型的装备和控制机中使用,其中的微处理机所达到的功能,迄今已超过其它设备用极高的成本所达到和可能达到的水平。因为按既定应用去选择最合适的微处理机是根据字长的要求,所以微处理机以字长4、8、12
Introduction In recent years, the widespread use of large scale integrated circuits in digital circuits has marked the beginning of a revolution in many industrial technology sectors. The rapid development of MOS technology has made it possible to integrate more and more complex circuits on a silicon chip, At the same time can improve the assembly density, higher operating speed and lower power consumption. The first large-scale integrated digital circuits, including microprocessors, were commercialized in 1971. Microprocessors have been used in a wide range of equipment and control machines, and the functions performed by microprocessors have hitherto exceeded those that other devices have achieved and are likely to achieve at extremely high costs. Because according to the established application to choose the most suitable microprocessor is based on the word length requirements, so the microprocessor word length 4,8,12