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第二语言习得的过程和结果不仅受到学习者的年龄、心理态势和社会政治、经济、文化等因素影响,也受母语的作用。第二语言习得研究表明,母语迁移是目的语学习中普遍存在的一种现象,是影响第二语言习得的最为显著的因素。母语迁移的作用不可忽视,正迁移促进第二语言的学习,负迁移则妨碍第二语言的学习。受行为主义学习理论的影响,许多学者认为母语表达习惯和母语思维对第二语言习得有很大的阻碍作用,第二语言学习过程就是逐渐克服母语干扰,养成目的语表达和思维习惯的过程。但是,也有不少人认为母语对第二语言习得有很大促进作用。本文将重点探讨母语的正迁移,即母语在二语习得中的积极作用。
The process and result of second language acquisition are affected not only by learners’ age, psychological status, socio-political, economic and cultural factors, but also by their mother tongue. Second language acquisition studies show that mother tongue transfer is a ubiquitous phenomenon in target language learning and is the most significant factor affecting second language acquisition. The role of mother tongue transfer can not be neglected. Positive migration promotes the learning of the second language. Negative transfer hinders the second language learning. Affected by the theory of learning by behaviorism, many scholars think that mother tongue expression and mother tongue thinking have a great impediment to second language acquisition. Second language learning process gradually overcomes the disturbance of mother tongue and develops the target language expression and thinking habits process. However, many people think that their mother tongue can greatly promote the second language acquisition. This article will focus on the positive transfer of mother tongue, that is, the active role of mother tongue in second language acquisition.