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农村基层组织是贯彻村民自治制度的组织机构,其有效运行对促进民主国家和现代化建设有重要作用。本研究以武陵源区X乡为调研地点,研究发现该地城镇化明显,人口大量流动,村民意识发生转变,产业结构发生转变,而在此环境下,农村基层干部选举缺乏民主自治实质,村务治理虽有扩大却也只是集中在委任事项,村民对公共参与缺乏热情,农村现代化建设与财政资源存在矛盾,乡村更倾向于合作治理,原因主要与人口流动、财政困境、家户意识的增强有关,而要真正准确认识当前的农村基层组织运行现状,必须将其放诸民主国家和现代化建设中加以思考,而要有效运行则不能脱离村民自治发生机理,另外对于学术界颇为争议的乡村关系问题则必须立于实际,以实践为基础进行认识,而不能在只理论框架下思考问题。
The grassroots organizations in rural areas are the organizations that implement the system of villagers’ autonomy and their effective operation plays an important role in promoting the democratic countries and the modernization drive. In this study, X Township in Wulingyuan District was selected as the research site. The study found that the urbanization of this area is obvious, the population is flowing, the awareness of villagers changes and the industrial structure changes. In this environment, the election of rural grassroots cadres lacks the nature of democratic autonomy and the village affairs Although the expansion of governance is only focused on matters of appointment, villagers lack enthusiasm for public participation, there are contradictions between rural modernization and financial resources, and rural areas are more likely to cooperate and co-operate. The reasons are mainly related to population mobility, financial difficulties and the enhancement of household awareness However, in order to truly understand the current situation of grassroots organizations in rural areas, we must think about them in the democratic countries and in the modernization drive. If we can effectively operate, we can not break away from the mechanism of villager autonomy. In addition, for the controversial rural relations in the academic circles, The problem must be based on reality and practice based on understanding, and can not think about the problem in a theoretical framework only.