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本文对包头精矿烧结矿的宏观结构、微观结构及矿物组成进行了岩相及矿相研究。对其中的稀土矿物等进行电子探针分析、对烧结矿中主要胶结相矿物——枪晶石进行人工合成,测定了它的抗压强度及耐磨性。 试验研究了硅(SiO_2),氟(CaF_2)对包头精矿烧结矿强度的作用机理,测定了随着烧结矿中硅、氟含量变化与其液相性质——粘度及表面张力的关系以及它们对烧结矿结构及强度的影响。 研究表明:氟是影响烧结矿强度的主要因素,氟对烧结矿强度的破坏作用主要由于氟在烧结矿中显著降低其液相的粘度及表面张力,导致了烧结矿宏观结构疏松多孔薄壁、微观结构微孔多,其次由于氟在烧结矿形成抗压强度低、耐磨性差的枪晶石。精矿中含硅低使烧结矿胶结相量少也是降低强度的一种原因。 提高包头精矿烧结矿强度的根本途径在于选矿过程中降低精矿中含氟量到1.5％以下。把烧结矿碱度提高到2.0或配加15％高硅矿粉及3～5％清石灰、或用白云石部分代替烧结料中石灰石都有效的提高烧结矿的强度。生产碱度为2.0的烧结矿的措施已成功的应用于生产中。
In this paper, the macro-structure, microstructure and mineral composition of Baotou ore concentrate sinter were studied. The rare-earth minerals in them were analyzed by electronic probe. The main cemented mineral-gunite was synthesized by sinter, and its compressive strength and wear resistance were measured. The effects of silicon (SiO_2) and fluorine (CaF_2) on the strength of sinter in Baotou ore concentrate were studied experimentally. The relationship between the content of silicon and fluorine in sinter ore and the properties of liquid phase, such as viscosity and surface tension, Effect of Sinter Structure and Strength. The results show that fluorine is the main factor affecting the strength of sinter. The destructive effect of fluorine on the strength of sinter is mainly due to the fact that fluorine significantly reduces the viscosity and surface tension of the liquid phase in sinter, resulting in loose porous macrostructure of sinter. Micro-porous microstructure, followed by the formation of fluoride in the sinter low compressive strength, poor wear resistance of gun spar. The low silicon content in the concentrate makes the sinter less cemented phase a contributing factor in reducing the strength. The basic way to improve the strength of sinter in Baotou ore concentrate is to reduce the fluorine content in concentrate to less than 1.5% during the beneficiation process. Increasing the basicity of sinter to 2.0 or adding 15% high silica ore and 3 to 5% clear lime, or partially replacing dolomite limestone in the sintering material effectively increases the strength of sinter. The measures to produce sinter with a basicity of 2.0 have been successfully used in production.