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目的:研究山菠菜多糖对长时间大强度运动大鼠肝SMAD4、铁调素和肾促红细胞生成素表达的影响,探讨山菠菜多糖改善运动铁缺乏症的分子机制。方法:24只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为3组:对照组(CG组)、运动组(EG组)和运动+多糖组(EP组)。EG组和EP组大鼠进行为期5周的跑台训练,每周6天,周日休息。前2周每天训练1次,后3周每天训练2次,实验第1天大鼠训练1 min,以后每天递增2 min,最后一天训练95 min,跑台速度25 m/min,坡度为0。按照100 mg/kg的剂量将山菠菜提取物配成悬浊液,实验第3周开始给予EP组大鼠灌胃,每次2 ml,CG组和EG组给予同等剂量的生理盐水。采用RT-PCR法检测大鼠肾脏EPO、肝脏SMAD4和hepcidin表达;采用紫外分光光度法检测大鼠血清铁状态(血清铁、血清未饱和结合铁和血清总铁结合力)。结果:(1)EG组大鼠肾脏EPO和血清铁状态均显著低于CG组(P<0.05,P<0.01),肝脏SMAD4和hepcidin表达显著高于CG组(P<0.01)。(2)EP组大鼠肾脏EPO表达和血清铁显著高于CG组和EG组(P<0.01),肝脏SMAD4和hepcidin表达均显著低于CG组和EG组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:补充山菠菜多糖能刺激大鼠EPO分泌,抑制大鼠肝SMAD4和hepcidin mRNA表达量,改善长时间大强度运动大鼠的铁缺乏症。
Objective: To investigate the effect of spinach polysaccharide on the expression of hepatic SMAD4, hepcidin and renal erythropoietin in rats with long-term intensive exercise and to explore the molecular mechanism of polysaccharides from spinach to improve exercise-induced iron deficiency. Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (CG group), exercise group (EG group) and exercise + polysaccharide group (EP group). Rats in EG group and EP group were trained on treadmill for 5 weeks, resting 6 days a week and on Sunday. The first two weeks of training once a day, three weeks after training twice a day, the first day of training rats 1 min, increasing 2 min daily, the last day of training 95 min, treadmill speed 25 m / min, gradient 0. Spinach extract was dosed at the dose of 100 mg / kg. Rats in EP group were given gavage 2 ml at the third week of the experiment, and the same dose of saline was given to the CG and EG groups. The expressions of EPO, SMAD4 and hepcidin in liver were detected by RT-PCR. The serum iron status (serum iron, serum unsaturated iron and serum total iron binding capacity) were detected by UV spectrophotometry. Results: (1) The EPO and serum iron status in EG group were significantly lower than those in CG group (P <0.05, P <0.01). The expression of SMAD4 and hepcidin in liver were significantly higher than CG group (P <0.01). (2) The expressions of EPO and serum iron in EP group were significantly higher than those in CG group and EG group (P <0.01). The expressions of SMAD4 and hepcidin in liver were significantly lower than those in CG group and EG group (P <0.01, P <0.05) . CONCLUSIONS: Spinach polysaccharide supplementation can stimulate the secretion of EPO in rats, inhibit the expression of SMAD4 and hepcidin mRNA in rats, and improve the iron deficiency in long-time intensive exercise rats.