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Tendon injuries are common diseases which could induce substantial pain and loss of functions. Current clinical therapy of tendon injury has some disadvantages, such like the limitation of the graft which have fueled the search for tissue-engineered substitutes. Many achievements have been made during past several years. Many kinds of cells nowadays have been used in an attempt to enhance the healing of tendons: ifbroblast cell lines, mesenchymal stem cells ( MSCs ), embryonic stem cells ( ESCs ) and induced pluripotent stem cells ( iPSCs ). And a large number of scaffold materials also have been explored for tendon tissue engineering including natural substances ( silk, collagen ) and synthetic biodegradable materials ( poly lactic-co-glycolic acid ). Beside gene-related approaches, the approach of tendon tissue engineering also involve some physical methods like mechanical stimulation. However, the traditional tissue engineering with scaffolds has some disadvantages. Naturally derived polymers generally show good biocompatibility but low ductility whereas the synthetic polymers exhibit a high tunability but may cause negative immune response from the body, and the scaffolds can’t fully simulate the environment between cells. To avoid this, cell sheet engineering has been developed as a unique, scaffold-free method of cell processing. In this review, some methods for making cell sheet and its application in tendon tissue engineering are described.