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读过《中国设备管理》1993年第8期上周德祥同志的文章后,觉得减速机小齿轮轴断裂原因有值得商榷之处。 1.事故的原因:文中分析是应力集中、温度过低、载荷过大而引起的。载荷过大把轴扭断是正确的,但为什么载荷会过大?恰是文中提到的“固定轴的挡板螺丝松动,轴下沉”,齿轮轴已不在安装的正确位置上了,从而加大了对花键处的扭矩,以至扭断,从图上看也证明了这一点。如果齿轮轴在正确安装位置上,在扭矩过大的情况下,裂纹处即应是断口处,绝不会出现裂纹而不断,又在新的地方断裂。一般讲,断裂应是在强度最薄弱的地方,况且裂纹又产生了应力集中,更应断裂。可以判定,如果齿轮轴不下沉,断口就应是裂纹处。
After reading “China Equipment Management”, No. 8, 1993, Comrade Tak Cheong’s article last week, I think the reasons for the reducer pinion shaft fracture are worth discussing. 1. Accident reasons: text analysis is stress concentration, temperature is too low, the load caused by too large. Excessive load shaft twist is correct, but why the load will be too large? It is precisely mentioned in the article “fixed shaft baffle screw loose, shaft sinking”, the gear shaft is not installed in the correct position, and thus Increased the torque at the spline, as well as the twisting, from the figure also proved this point. If the gear shaft in the correct installation position, in the case of torque is too large, the crack should be at the fracture site, will never crack and continue, but also broken in new places. In general, the fracture should be in the place where the strength is the weakest, besides, the crack also has the stress concentration and should be broken. It can be determined, if the gear shaft does not sink, the fracture should be cracked place.