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Passage A
Steven Paul Jobs（斯蒂芬•乔布斯）was born in San Francisco on Feb. 24, 1955, abandoned by his biological parents from Syria and then adopted by Paul and Clara Jobs.
Mr. Jobs developed an early interest in electronics. He was guided by a neighbor, an electronics hobbyist. He was brash from an early age. As an eighth grader, after discovering that a crucial part was missing from a frequency counter he was assembling, he telephoned William Hewlett, the co-founder of Hewlett-Packard（惠普公司）. Mr. Hewlett spoke with the boy for 20 minutes, prepared a bag of parts for him to pick up and offered him a job as a summer intern.
Mr. Jobs met Mr. Wozniak while attending the high school. The two took an introductory electronics class there.
The spark of their partnership was provided by Mr. Wozniak’s mother. Mr. Wozniak had graduated from high school and enrolled at the University of California, when she sent him an article “Secrets of the Little Blue Box”, which detailed an underground hobbyist culture of young men known as phone phreaks who were illegally exploring the nation’s phone system.
Mr. Wozniak shared the article with Mr. Jobs, and the two set out to seek an abstruse figure identified in the article as Captain Crunch. The man had taken the name from his discovery that a whistle coming in boxes of cereal was tuned to a frequency that made it possible to make free long-distance calls simply by blowing the whistle next to a phone handset.
Captain Crunch was John Draper, a former electronic technician. Learning that the two young hobbyists were searching for him, Mr. Draper had come to Mr. Wozniak’s dormitory room, where the three of them held a meeting.
Based on information they collected from Mr. Draper, Mr. Wozniak and Mr. Jobs later joined together on building and selling blue boxes, devices that were widely used for making free and illegal phone calls. They raised a total of $6,000 from the effort.
In 1972, Mr. Jobs went to Reed College, but after one semester he left college because it was consuming all of his parents’ savings. Leaving school, however, freed his curiosity to follow his interests. Actually that turned out to be priceless later on.
1. They all had much influence on the early development of Jobs’ electronic interest except _________.
A. Mr. Wozniak’s mother B. William Hewlett
C. Little Jobs’ neighbor D. Mr. Draper
2. The underlined word “phone phreaks” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to_________ .
A. the Little Blue Box B. a whistle coming in boxes of cereal
C. a figure which is hard to understand D. a person illegally calling at others’ expense
3. What important part of Mr. Jobs’ career developing did Mr. Wozniak’s mother play?_________
A. suggesting Mr. Jobs and Mr. Wozniak reading “Secrets of the Little Blue Box”.
B. promoting the direct cooperation between Mr. Jobs and Mr. Wozniak.
C. recommending Mr. Jobs and Mr. Wozniak to invent a new phone phreaks.
D. introducing Captain Crunch to help Mr. Jobs and Mr. Wozniak.
4. Why did Mr. Jobs discontinue his college education? _________
A. because he failed to follow the course and pass all the exams.
B. because he was busy with his own electronic discovery.
C. because he wanted to earn money by himself, not by his parents.
D. because he was absorbed in making free and illegal phone calls.
5. The passage is mainly about Steve Paul Jobs’_________ .
A. earliest road to success B. early electronic interest
C. difficult exploring phone D. teenager’s schooling
Keys: ADBCB
文章介绍少年乔布斯对电子兴趣的形成与发展过程。作者重点描写少年乔布斯是如何对电子技术产生浓厚兴趣与强烈的好奇心，以及研发成实用产品的迫切心情。全世界人都学乔布斯，都想像他一样成功。该文章就为当代中学生向乔布斯学习点明了方向。
解析：1. 该题考查学生的信息综合与概括能力。文中介绍了乔布斯少年时期对电子兴趣的形成与发展的过程，在这过程中有三个人对他影响很大，并给予了较大的帮助，他们分别是：第一是在第一段的乔布斯的邻居（a neighbor），他是一个电子爱好者，曾指导过他，算得上他的启蒙老师；第二是惠普公司的创始人Mr. Hewlett，不仅给予解释而且提供大量的电子零件供他挑选；第三是退休电子技工John Draper 当面指导并参与盗打电话系统的研发。
2. 该题主要考查学生对文中生僻词语意义的推断。关键信息是phone phreaks后面的定语从句： who were illegally exploring the nation’s phone system，即非法盗打别人电话的人。
3. 该题考查学生对细节的推断能力。Mr. Wozniak（沃兹尼亚克）母亲对乔布斯的人生事业所起的作用在文章第四段的第一句：The spark of their partnership was provided by Mr. Wozniak’s mother；这里的关键词是spark of their partnership（合作的火花）；即，沃兹尼亚克的母亲主要的作用是她促成乔布斯与沃兹尼亚克的合作。
4. 该题考查细节理解。关键信息在最后一段的第一句：he left college because it was consuming all of his parents’ savings，说明乔布斯离开大学是因为他不想消费他养父母的钱。这细节的考查让学生知道乔布斯是多么的尊重父母，是多么有孝心与孝道。
5. 文章第二段第一句Mr. Jobs developed an early interest in electronics.乔布斯在电子兴趣的早期发展。后文就分别介绍了乔布斯在童年﹑少年急迫了解与掌握电子技术的故事。
Passage B
Mothers who live in areas that are moderately polluted by car gases give birth to babies with lower than average birth weight, a new Australian study has revealed. In particular, scientists from Australia found that women who lived in Perth suburbs with moderate traffic emissions had babies weighing around 60 grams less on average than the expected average weight of 3.5 kilograms.
The conclusion was based on the analysis of the records of 1,800 pregnant women and their babies in three metropolitan areas. An association was found in only one of these areas, Perth suburbs, an area with low industrial activity, with a mix of polluted and quiet roads. Researchers said that they took the baby's weight at birth and then worked out their expected size under optimal conditions. At the same time, a computer model was calculating the concentration of traffic emissions around the homes of mothers up to the time they gave birth.
Dr. Gavin Pereira, assistant professor, who specializes in the effects of air pollution on child's health, found in his previous research that Perth's traffic pollution was increasingly the risk for about seventy per cent of young kids who suffer from serious asthma（哮喘）attacks. He said the findings from that latest study were very surprising for him because the pregnant women who took part in the study did not live in heavily polluted neighborhoods. "I did not really expect to see any effect, so it was pretty surprising, although some international studies have found some associations," said he.
Researchers said that their results should not create any panic but rather be a warning signal for the future. The population grows each year so just that alone will increase the level of traffic emissions. Besides, the number of vehicle kilometers travelled is expected to go up so there are plenty of reasons why the problem of air pollution is going to get worse.
In a conclusion, the experts said that while there is no reason for pregnant women to be scared, there is a recommendation for planners and developers not to build their homes in a short distance from busy roads. In general，people should try to put maximum effort to take public transportation and utilize cleaner engine technologies in order to reduce the vehicle emissions.
6. What could be the best title for this passage? _________
A. Some Advice on Where to Build Houses. B. Air Pollution and Baby's Birth Weight.
C. Baby’s Birth and House Building. D. Air Pollution and Human's Life.
7. Which one of the following statements on the methods of drawing the conclusion is true?_________
A. by analyzing the records of 1,800 women and their babies in three polluted areas.
B. by weighing the newly-born baby and comparing the average in ideal conditions.
C. by using a computer to calculate the density of traffic gases where the babies are born.
D. by calculating the density of traffic gases during the whole period of pregnancy.
8. The underlined word “associations” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to_________ .
A. efficient corporations B. helpful organizations
C. serious influences D. causal relationships
9. Why did Dr. Gavin Pereira feel unexpected at his current research results?_________
A. because the pregnant participants were not from the areas polluted seriously.
B. because about seventy percent of young kids suffered from serious asthma attacks.
C. because Perth's traffic pollution was increasing quickly.
D. because the pregnant participants all lived in the heavily polluted areas.
10. What is the author’s purpose of the last paragraph? _________
A. To recommend his own solutions B. To warn the pregnant women
C. To put forward concrete suggestions D. To introduce new research results
Keys: BBDAC
文章通过澳大利亚科研人员对生活在空气污染严重地区的孕妇所生孩子的体重进行科学研究。结论是：生活在空气污染严重地区的孕妇所生的孩子会比生活在空气轻度污染地区的孕妇所生的孩子体重会更轻。目的是唤起人们去关注环境保护，关注人类的生存状态。
解析：6. 该题考查学生对文章主旨大意或文章标题的归纳与概括能力。信息词句在第一段第一句：Mothers who live in areas that are moderately polluted by car gases give birth to babies with lower than average birth weight，即生活在中度污染区怀孕妇女所生的孩子比平常的更轻。贯穿整编文章，始终扣住污染区妇女与新生婴儿体重之间的关系。
7. 该题考查学生的细节推断能力。关键信息在第二段：1) took the baby’s weight at birth; 2) worked out their expected size. 3) a computer model was calculating。
8. 该题考查学生对生词词义或多义词词义的理解与推断能力。associations：有联系；结合；关联；友谊；协会。在该篇文中所表达的词义是：怀孕妇女在空气污染区生活与新生婴儿体重之间存在直接的因果关系。
9. 该题考查细节的推断。Pereira（佩雷拉）对目前实验结果感到意外，原因是他的实验对象不是来污染很严重的地区。关键信息词在第三段第三句：findings from that latest study were very surprising for him because the pregnant women who took part in the study did not live in heavily polluted neighborhoods。
10. 该试题考查作者的写作目的。这是从文章写作手法的角度来考查学生的归纳与推断能力。关键信息来自最后一段的两个句话：第一句是写给规划师和开发商的具体建议；第二是写给公众的建议。因此，可以断定作者写最后一段的目的是给不同的人提出了具体建议。
Steven Paul Jobs（斯蒂芬•乔布斯）was born in San Francisco on Feb. 24, 1955, abandoned by his biological parents from Syria and then adopted by Paul and Clara Jobs.
Mr. Jobs developed an early interest in electronics. He was guided by a neighbor, an electronics hobbyist. He was brash from an early age. As an eighth grader, after discovering that a crucial part was missing from a frequency counter he was assembling, he telephoned William Hewlett, the co-founder of Hewlett-Packard（惠普公司）. Mr. Hewlett spoke with the boy for 20 minutes, prepared a bag of parts for him to pick up and offered him a job as a summer intern.
Mr. Jobs met Mr. Wozniak while attending the high school. The two took an introductory electronics class there.
The spark of their partnership was provided by Mr. Wozniak’s mother. Mr. Wozniak had graduated from high school and enrolled at the University of California, when she sent him an article “Secrets of the Little Blue Box”, which detailed an underground hobbyist culture of young men known as phone phreaks who were illegally exploring the nation’s phone system.
Mr. Wozniak shared the article with Mr. Jobs, and the two set out to seek an abstruse figure identified in the article as Captain Crunch. The man had taken the name from his discovery that a whistle coming in boxes of cereal was tuned to a frequency that made it possible to make free long-distance calls simply by blowing the whistle next to a phone handset.
Captain Crunch was John Draper, a former electronic technician. Learning that the two young hobbyists were searching for him, Mr. Draper had come to Mr. Wozniak’s dormitory room, where the three of them held a meeting.
Based on information they collected from Mr. Draper, Mr. Wozniak and Mr. Jobs later joined together on building and selling blue boxes, devices that were widely used for making free and illegal phone calls. They raised a total of $6,000 from the effort.
In 1972, Mr. Jobs went to Reed College, but after one semester he left college because it was consuming all of his parents’ savings. Leaving school, however, freed his curiosity to follow his interests. Actually that turned out to be priceless later on.
1. They all had much influence on the early development of Jobs’ electronic interest except _________.
A. Mr. Wozniak’s mother B. William Hewlett
C. Little Jobs’ neighbor D. Mr. Draper
2. The underlined word “phone phreaks” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to_________ .
A. the Little Blue Box B. a whistle coming in boxes of cereal
C. a figure which is hard to understand D. a person illegally calling at others’ expense
3. What important part of Mr. Jobs’ career developing did Mr. Wozniak’s mother play?_________
A. suggesting Mr. Jobs and Mr. Wozniak reading “Secrets of the Little Blue Box”.
B. promoting the direct cooperation between Mr. Jobs and Mr. Wozniak.
C. recommending Mr. Jobs and Mr. Wozniak to invent a new phone phreaks.
D. introducing Captain Crunch to help Mr. Jobs and Mr. Wozniak.
4. Why did Mr. Jobs discontinue his college education? _________
A. because he failed to follow the course and pass all the exams.
B. because he was busy with his own electronic discovery.
C. because he wanted to earn money by himself, not by his parents.
D. because he was absorbed in making free and illegal phone calls.
5. The passage is mainly about Steve Paul Jobs’_________ .
A. earliest road to success B. early electronic interest
C. difficult exploring phone D. teenager’s schooling
Keys: ADBCB
文章介绍少年乔布斯对电子兴趣的形成与发展过程。作者重点描写少年乔布斯是如何对电子技术产生浓厚兴趣与强烈的好奇心，以及研发成实用产品的迫切心情。全世界人都学乔布斯，都想像他一样成功。该文章就为当代中学生向乔布斯学习点明了方向。
解析：1. 该题考查学生的信息综合与概括能力。文中介绍了乔布斯少年时期对电子兴趣的形成与发展的过程，在这过程中有三个人对他影响很大，并给予了较大的帮助，他们分别是：第一是在第一段的乔布斯的邻居（a neighbor），他是一个电子爱好者，曾指导过他，算得上他的启蒙老师；第二是惠普公司的创始人Mr. Hewlett，不仅给予解释而且提供大量的电子零件供他挑选；第三是退休电子技工John Draper 当面指导并参与盗打电话系统的研发。
2. 该题主要考查学生对文中生僻词语意义的推断。关键信息是phone phreaks后面的定语从句： who were illegally exploring the nation’s phone system，即非法盗打别人电话的人。
3. 该题考查学生对细节的推断能力。Mr. Wozniak（沃兹尼亚克）母亲对乔布斯的人生事业所起的作用在文章第四段的第一句：The spark of their partnership was provided by Mr. Wozniak’s mother；这里的关键词是spark of their partnership（合作的火花）；即，沃兹尼亚克的母亲主要的作用是她促成乔布斯与沃兹尼亚克的合作。
4. 该题考查细节理解。关键信息在最后一段的第一句：he left college because it was consuming all of his parents’ savings，说明乔布斯离开大学是因为他不想消费他养父母的钱。这细节的考查让学生知道乔布斯是多么的尊重父母，是多么有孝心与孝道。
5. 文章第二段第一句Mr. Jobs developed an early interest in electronics.乔布斯在电子兴趣的早期发展。后文就分别介绍了乔布斯在童年﹑少年急迫了解与掌握电子技术的故事。
Passage B
Mothers who live in areas that are moderately polluted by car gases give birth to babies with lower than average birth weight, a new Australian study has revealed. In particular, scientists from Australia found that women who lived in Perth suburbs with moderate traffic emissions had babies weighing around 60 grams less on average than the expected average weight of 3.5 kilograms.
The conclusion was based on the analysis of the records of 1,800 pregnant women and their babies in three metropolitan areas. An association was found in only one of these areas, Perth suburbs, an area with low industrial activity, with a mix of polluted and quiet roads. Researchers said that they took the baby's weight at birth and then worked out their expected size under optimal conditions. At the same time, a computer model was calculating the concentration of traffic emissions around the homes of mothers up to the time they gave birth.
Dr. Gavin Pereira, assistant professor, who specializes in the effects of air pollution on child's health, found in his previous research that Perth's traffic pollution was increasingly the risk for about seventy per cent of young kids who suffer from serious asthma（哮喘）attacks. He said the findings from that latest study were very surprising for him because the pregnant women who took part in the study did not live in heavily polluted neighborhoods. "I did not really expect to see any effect, so it was pretty surprising, although some international studies have found some associations," said he.
Researchers said that their results should not create any panic but rather be a warning signal for the future. The population grows each year so just that alone will increase the level of traffic emissions. Besides, the number of vehicle kilometers travelled is expected to go up so there are plenty of reasons why the problem of air pollution is going to get worse.
In a conclusion, the experts said that while there is no reason for pregnant women to be scared, there is a recommendation for planners and developers not to build their homes in a short distance from busy roads. In general，people should try to put maximum effort to take public transportation and utilize cleaner engine technologies in order to reduce the vehicle emissions.
6. What could be the best title for this passage? _________
A. Some Advice on Where to Build Houses. B. Air Pollution and Baby's Birth Weight.
C. Baby’s Birth and House Building. D. Air Pollution and Human's Life.
7. Which one of the following statements on the methods of drawing the conclusion is true?_________
A. by analyzing the records of 1,800 women and their babies in three polluted areas.
B. by weighing the newly-born baby and comparing the average in ideal conditions.
C. by using a computer to calculate the density of traffic gases where the babies are born.
D. by calculating the density of traffic gases during the whole period of pregnancy.
8. The underlined word “associations” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to_________ .
A. efficient corporations B. helpful organizations
C. serious influences D. causal relationships
9. Why did Dr. Gavin Pereira feel unexpected at his current research results?_________
A. because the pregnant participants were not from the areas polluted seriously.
B. because about seventy percent of young kids suffered from serious asthma attacks.
C. because Perth's traffic pollution was increasing quickly.
D. because the pregnant participants all lived in the heavily polluted areas.
10. What is the author’s purpose of the last paragraph? _________
A. To recommend his own solutions B. To warn the pregnant women
C. To put forward concrete suggestions D. To introduce new research results
Keys: BBDAC
文章通过澳大利亚科研人员对生活在空气污染严重地区的孕妇所生孩子的体重进行科学研究。结论是：生活在空气污染严重地区的孕妇所生的孩子会比生活在空气轻度污染地区的孕妇所生的孩子体重会更轻。目的是唤起人们去关注环境保护，关注人类的生存状态。
解析：6. 该题考查学生对文章主旨大意或文章标题的归纳与概括能力。信息词句在第一段第一句：Mothers who live in areas that are moderately polluted by car gases give birth to babies with lower than average birth weight，即生活在中度污染区怀孕妇女所生的孩子比平常的更轻。贯穿整编文章，始终扣住污染区妇女与新生婴儿体重之间的关系。
7. 该题考查学生的细节推断能力。关键信息在第二段：1) took the baby’s weight at birth; 2) worked out their expected size. 3) a computer model was calculating。
8. 该题考查学生对生词词义或多义词词义的理解与推断能力。associations：有联系；结合；关联；友谊；协会。在该篇文中所表达的词义是：怀孕妇女在空气污染区生活与新生婴儿体重之间存在直接的因果关系。
9. 该题考查细节的推断。Pereira（佩雷拉）对目前实验结果感到意外，原因是他的实验对象不是来污染很严重的地区。关键信息词在第三段第三句：findings from that latest study were very surprising for him because the pregnant women who took part in the study did not live in heavily polluted neighborhoods。
10. 该试题考查作者的写作目的。这是从文章写作手法的角度来考查学生的归纳与推断能力。关键信息来自最后一段的两个句话：第一句是写给规划师和开发商的具体建议；第二是写给公众的建议。因此，可以断定作者写最后一段的目的是给不同的人提出了具体建议。