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启发与发现,在现代教学论中是两个重要原则。启发能引起学生兴趣、激发思维,是教师教学的重要手段;发现是学生对未知的理解,获得创造能力的良好途径。为此,我们近几年来以启发与发现为主体的——启发法进行教学,对于发挥教师的主导作用和学生的主体作用能起到良好效应,使教与学得到和谐统一,教学质量得到了提高。一、启发法的结构和教学程序 1、含义:启发法是以教师引导为前提,学生主动探索未知、发现真知,培养探索思维为目的的一种教学方法。2、教学依据:辩证唯物主义的认识论。由实践到理论是思维的飞跃.认知的“发现”过程;由理论到实践是思维的进一步发展,认知的深化与延伸过程。因此启发法遵循由感
Inspiration and discovery are two important principles in modern teaching theory. Enlightenment can arouse students’ interest and stimulate their thinking. It is an important method for teachers’ teaching. Discovery is a good way for students to understand the unknown and gain creative ability. To this end, in recent years, we have used the heuristic method, which is mainly based on inspiration and discovery, to teach. It has played a good effect in giving play to the leading role of the teacher and the student’s main role, and has achieved a harmonious unity of teaching and learning, and the quality of teaching has been achieved. improve. First, the structure of the heuristic method and teaching procedures 1, the meaning: heuristic method is based on the premise of teacher guidance, students actively explore the unknown, discover the true knowledge, training for exploration of thinking for the purpose of a teaching method. 2. Teaching basis: dialectical materialist epistemology. From practice to theory is a leap of thinking. The process of “discovery” of cognition; from theory to practice is the further development of thinking, the deepening and extension of cognition. So heuristics follow