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肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)不仅作用于外周血管,而且作用于中枢神经系统(CNS),使血压升高。脑 RAS 的发现对了解局部生成肽激素及其与全身激素系统的相互作用,提供了新的概念。本文介绍脑内血管紧张素Ⅱ(ATII)的定位及解剖与功能性通道。此外,还着重讨论脑转换酶(CE)及 CE 抑制剂的降压效应。对各种高血压动物模型的研究表明,从脑室内注入 CE 抑制剂大多具有抗高血压的作用。其机制可能包括压力感受器的致敏化与血管反应性的变化。文中还阐述了各种CE 抑制剂经全身给药后对脑 CE 抑制的差别及其机制。
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) acts not only on peripheral blood vessels but also on the central nervous system (CNS) to raise blood pressure. The discovery of brain RAS provides a new understanding of the interactions between locally produced peptide hormones and the systemic hormonal system. This article describes the location of brain angiotensin Ⅱ (ATII) and anatomical and functional channels. In addition, the emphasis is on the antihypertensive effects of brain-converting enzyme (CE) and CE inhibitors. Studies in various animal models of hypertension have shown that most of the CE inhibitors injected into the ventricles have antihypertensive effects. Its mechanism may include baroreceptor sensitization and vascular reactivity changes. The article also describes the various CE inhibitors after systemic administration of CE inhibition of brain differences and its mechanism.