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马克思主义经济学指马克思经济学著作中体现的关于人类社会各个发展阶段上支配物质资料生产、分配、交换、消费的规律的理论体系。马克思主义经济学是与资产阶级经济学,以及其他阶级的经济学相对的无产阶级的经济学理论体系,是无产阶级作为阶级意识的理论表现,是近代以来无产阶级运动、革命实践的产物,并在马克思、恩格斯逝世以后,随着国际工人运动的发展和社会主义革命和实践的发展而不断发展着。马克思主义经济学经历了三个历史发展时期:创立时期(19世纪40年代到1895年恩格斯逝世)、19世纪90年代到20世纪50年代、20世纪50年代以后。马克思主义经济学发展面临的历史性课题包括:对资本主义生产方式的研究、对资本主义以前各生产方式的研究、对社会主义经济理论的研究。
Marxist economics refers to the theoretical system embodied in Marx’s economic writings on the laws governing the production, distribution, exchange and consumption of material data at all stages of human society. Marxist economics is the theoretical system of proletariat’s economic theory in contrast with bourgeois economics and the economics of other classes. It is the theoretical manifestation of the proletariat as a class consciousness and a product of the proletarian movement and revolutionary practice in modern times. After the death of Marx and Engels, they developed continuously with the development of the international workers’ movement and the development of socialist revolution and practice. Marxist economics has gone through three periods of historical development: the period of its founding (Engels’ death from the 1840s to 1895), the 1890s to the 1950s and the 1950s. Historical topics facing the development of Marxist economics include: the study of the capitalist mode of production, the study of the previous modes of production of capitalism, and the study of socialist economic theory.