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目的:分析第1代头孢菌素类抗菌药物致不良反应的原因。方法:选取2015年1月—2016年7月期间医院使用第1代头孢菌素类抗菌药物治疗后发生不良反应患者103例作为观察组;选取同期使用第1代头孢菌素类抗菌药物治疗后未发生不良反应患者100例作为对照组,比较和分析发生不良反应的种类及临床表现,并分析不良反应发生的原因。结果:观察组患者用药后致过敏反应的发生率明显高于所致消化系统、神经系统、呼吸系统及肾毒性的不良反应的发生率;观察组患者用药后所致不良反应的原因(如饮食习惯不规律、过敏史、情绪不稳定、过敏体质和用药后饮酒患者比例)明显高于对照组。结论:第1代头孢菌素类抗菌药物致不良反应症状主要为过敏反应和消化系统、神经系统的不良反应,所致不良反应的原因(如饮食习惯不规律、过敏史、情绪不稳定、过敏体质及用药后饮酒等),医护人员应采取有效措施防范不良反应的发生,以保障患者的用药安全。
Objective: To analyze the causes of adverse reactions caused by the first generation cephalosporin antibiotics. Methods: A total of 103 patients with adverse reactions who were treated with the first-generation cephalosporin antibiotics in the hospital from January 2015 to July 2016 were selected as the observation group. After treatment with the first-generation cephalosporin antibiotics in the same period, 100 cases of patients without adverse reactions as a control group, compared and analyzed the types of adverse reactions and clinical manifestations, and analyze the causes of adverse reactions. Results: The incidence of anaphylaxis in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the adverse reactions caused by digestive system, nervous system, respiratory system and nephrotoxicity. The causes of adverse reactions in the observation group (such as diet Irregular habits, history of allergies, emotional instability, allergies and the proportion of alcohol consumption after treatment) was significantly higher than the control group. Conclusions: The main adverse reactions caused by the first generation cephalosporin antibiotics are allergic reactions, adverse reactions of the digestive system and nervous system, and the causes of adverse reactions (such as irregular eating habits, history of allergies, emotional instability and allergies Physical and medication after drinking, etc.), health care workers should take effective measures to prevent the occurrence of adverse reactions in order to protect the patient’s medication safety.