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磺化的芳香类聚合物由于具有良好的耐热性能、化学稳定性、机械性能、加工性能以及较低的燃料渗透性而受到燃料电池质子交换膜领域广泛的关注。然而,与已经应用的Nafion膜相比,大部分磺化的无规离聚物的质子传导率仍然比较低。通过设计聚合物的结构可以提高质子交换膜在高温及低相对湿度(RH)下的质子传导性能。本文分别从磺化嵌段共聚物、侧链型磺化聚合物、局部磺酸基稠密的聚合物三方面综述了磺化芳香类聚合物膜的设计、合成及相关质子传导率之间的关系。同时,为进一步提高膜的质子传导率及其他性能,对制备掺杂无机质子导体或酸化的无机颗粒的复合质子交换膜进行了概述。
Sulfonated aromatic polymers are gaining much attention in the field of fuel cell proton exchange membranes due to their good heat resistance, chemical stability, mechanical properties, processability and low fuel permeability. However, the proton conductivity of most sulfonated random ionomers is still relatively low compared to the Nafion membranes that have been applied. By designing the polymer structure, proton exchange membrane can improve the proton conductivity under high temperature and low relative humidity (RH). In this paper, the relationship between the design, synthesis and related proton conductivity of sulfonated aromatic polymer films are summarized from three aspects: sulfonated block copolymer, side chain sulfonated polymer and local sulfonated polymer . At the same time, in order to further improve the proton conductivity and other properties of the membrane, the preparation of composite proton exchange membranes doped with inorganic proton conductors or acidified inorganic particles is summarized.