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本文对于涉及韧性金属大变形中颈缩与剪切带断裂一类高度非线性变形局部化问题进行了弹塑性有限元数值模拟。采用改进的Ｊ２形变理论微分形式公式与交叉三角形四边形单元有限元网格，详细研究了应变硬化指数及初始表面不均匀特性的平面应变拉伸颈缩和剪切带形成的综合影响，给出此类问题的断裂机制图。
In this paper, the elasto-plastic finite element numerical simulation of a class of highly nonlinear deformation localized problems involving the necking and shear zone fracture in large deformation of ductile metals is carried out. By using the improved differential equation of J2 deformation theory and the finite element mesh of the cross triangular quadrilateral elements, the comprehensive influence of strain hardening index and initial surface nonuniformity on plane strain tensile necking and shear band formation is studied. Fracture mechanism diagram of the problem.