论文部分内容阅读
目的了解2010年-2014年贺州市手足口病的流行病学特征,探讨适宜的预防控制措施,为进一步预防和减少手足口病的发生提供理论依据。方法对广西贺州市2010年-2014年临床诊断为手足口病的1 738例门诊病例采集咽拭子、肛拭子和疱疹液等样本,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测,并运用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果临床诊断病例中,手足口病肠道病毒检出1 200例,重症病例296例,死亡病例36例,病例中男性754例,发病率为62.83%,女性446例,发病率为37.17%,不同性别间发病率差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=23.84,P<0.01);发病年龄集中在5岁以下;发病高峰期主要集中在5月-7月,其中2013年以来,冬季1月、11月、12月也成为手足口病的发病高峰期。病原检测以肠道病毒EV71病原为主,占45.42%,Cox A16感染占19.67%,其他肠道病毒感染占34.92%。结论贺州市小儿手足口病疫情呈上升趋势,手足口病发生的季节、年龄和性别方面存在明显差异性,冬季也成为手足口病的发病高峰期,发病构成趋向复杂化。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Hezhou from 2010 to 2014 and explore appropriate preventive and control measures to provide theoretical basis for further prevention and reduction of HFMD. Methods Samples of throat swabs, anal swabs and herpes fluid were collected from 1 738 outpatients clinically diagnosed as hand-foot-mouth disease in Hezhou, Guangxi from 2010 to 2014. The samples were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and used descriptive epidemiology Learn method to analyze. Results Among the clinically diagnosed cases, 1 200 HFMD cases, 296 severe cases and 36 death cases were detected in the clinically diagnosed cases of HFMD. Among 754 male cases, the incidence was 62.83% and 446 were female, with an incidence rate of 37.17% The incidence of different genders was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 23.84, P <0.01); the age of onset was less than 5 years old; the peak incidence was mainly in May-July, of which since January 2013, November and December also became the peak incidence of HFMD. The pathogen was mainly enterovirus EV71 (45.42%), Cox A16 (19.67%) and other enterovirus infections (34.92%). Conclusion The epidemic situation of hand-foot-mouth disease in pediatric patients in Hezhou City is on the rise. The seasonal, age and sex of hand-foot-mouth disease are obviously different. In winter, HFMD is also the peak of HFMD.