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斯瓦迪士词表是单纯为测试同源词建立的词表,后人称为核心词表。人类任一语言都包含了成千上万的词义与词项,仅选择极小数目的200词来构建核心词表十分不易,总有难以完备之处,为此,斯瓦迪士核心词表一直受到诟病。究其原因主要还是择词观念不同,没有客观的或可反复验证的标准。这篇文章用抛硬币和掷骰子实验方法深入探究了斯瓦迪士词表的合理性和内在不足,以及陈保亚对斯氏词表分阶面对的分界困难。文章最后以词频与词阶对比分析提出借助词频解决核心词择词、排序和分界的方法。
The Svaldiker vocabulary is a vocabulary created solely for the testing of cognates and later known as the core vocabulary. Humans in any language contains tens of thousands of words and phrases, only a very small selection of 200 words to build the core vocabulary is not easy, there is always difficult to complete, so, the Svaldiker core vocabulary Has been criticized. The main reason is the concept of different words, there is no objective or can be repeatedly verified standards. This article explores the rationality and inherent deficiencies of the Svaldiker vocabulary with coin-tossing and craps experiments, as well as the difficulty in straightening the boundaries between Chen Baoyi’s and Steven’s vocabulary. At the end of the article, we compare the word frequency with the word order and propose a method to solve the core word selection, sorting and demarcation by word frequency.