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目的了解大气PM2.5污染状况及与孕妇血铅水平的关系。方法于2011年1—12月用PM2.5颗粒物采样器测定哈尔滨市道外区(污染区)和道里区(对照区)大气PM2.5浓度,以石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定该地区169名孕产妇血铅值,应用多元逐步回归方法评价大气PM2.5与孕妇血铅水平之间的关系。结果调查地区的非采暖期大气PM2.5浓度为(64.66±5.8)μg/m3,采暖期为(88.01±10.1)μg/m3,超标率为89.5%和100.0%。污染区大气PM2.5浓度([85.5±7.3)μg/m3]高于对照区([61.5±5.0)μg/m3],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。孕妇血铅中位数为54.3μg/L。多元逐步回归分析显示,用彩色餐具盛装食物、居住在大气PM2.5浓度较高的地区可能与孕妇血铅水平的升高有关(P<0.05)。结论本次调查的孕妇血铅水平升高可能与大气PM2.5污染有关。
Objective To understand the relationship between atmospheric PM2.5 pollution and blood lead levels in pregnant women. Methods The concentrations of PM2.5 in Harbin’s Daoli District (Polluted Area) and Daoli District (Control Area) were measured by PM2.5 particle sampler from January to December in 2011. 169 pregnant women in this area were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry Maternal blood lead levels, the use of multiple stepwise regression method to assess the relationship between atmospheric PM2.5 and pregnant women blood lead levels. Results The concentration of PM2.5 in the non-heating period was (64.66 ± 5.8) μg / m3 and the heating period was (88.01 ± 10.1) μg / m3. The over-standard rates were 89.5% and 100.0% respectively. The concentration of PM2.5 in the polluted area ([85.5 ± 7.3] μg / m3] was higher than that in the control area ([61.5 ± 5.0] μg / m3], the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Maternal blood lead median 54.3μg / L. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that the use of colored cutlery for food, living in high concentrations of PM2.5 in the atmosphere may be related to elevated blood lead levels in pregnant women (P <0.05). Conclusion The increase of blood lead levels in pregnant women in this survey may be related to atmospheric PM2.5 pollution.