显性雄性核不育水稻的研究及应用前景

• 作 者: 颜龙安 蔡耀辉 张俊才 刘秋英 张晓波
• 机 构: 江西省杂交水稻研究中心
• 出 处: 江西农业学报
• 发表日期: 1997年04期
• 关键词: 核不育 遗传分析 不育基因 纯合体 感温性 不育性 恢复系 颜龙安 敏感期 性基因

颜龙安等在“萍矮５８／华野”的杂交后代中发现一个单基因显性核不育材料，在水稻中为世界首次发现，被命名为“萍乡核不育水稻”，该不育基因定名为“Ｍｓ－ｐ”。在植物显性核不育中，首次证明其不育性与细胞质无关，为证实植物界核不育型的存在提供了一个新论据；在植物上，首先把植物的感温性和确实存在的育性基因联系在一起来研究，并在此基础上确定出育性变化的临界温度值和敏感期；提出了用纯合体不育系作母本和具显性上位基因品种作恢复系制种的显性核不育“二系制种法”应用模式。本文概述了显性核不育水稻在细胞学、遗传学、感温性研究及育种选育上的进展，阐述了它在遗传育种上的应用前景。

Yan Longan et al. Discovered a single-gene dominant nuclear sterile material in the hybrid progenies of “Ping-dai 58 / Hua Ye” and was first discovered in the world for rice and named “Pingxiang nuclear-sterile rice”. The sterility gene was named As “Ms-p”. In plant dominant-negative sterility, it is first proved that its sterility has nothing to do with the cytoplasm, which provides a new argument for confirming the existence of plant-derived male sterility in plants. On plants, firstly, the plant’s temperature- Fertility genes linked together to study, and on this basis to determine the fertility change critical temperature and sensitive period; proposed the use of homozygous male sterile lines as female parent and dominant epistatic varieties for restorer seed The dominant genic male sterile “second-line seed production method” application mode. This review summarizes the advances in cytology, genetics, thermostability, and breeding of dominant-negative genomic rice, and expounds its potential application in genetic breeding.