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采用田间试验的方法,研究了黑土、白浆土上施钾量对大豆产量和土壤养分的影响。结果表明:施用钾肥能显著提高大豆产量。两种土壤上施钾量(x)与产量(y)呈二次回归关系,黑土:=2516.1+6.6307x-0.0242x2(R2=0.8475);白浆土:=2453.1+4.2819x-0.0140x2(R2=0.9836)。由试验结果得出黑土上种植大豆的最高施钾量应控制在140kghm-2以下,白浆土上最高施钾量不宜超过150kghm-2。随大豆生育期的推进,两种土壤碱解氮和速效磷含量的变化趋势均呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,且均在开花期达到最高值,施钾处理的土壤碱解氮和速效磷含量均低于不施钾处理;两种土壤速效钾含量表现为先下降后略有升高并趋于稳定,不施钾处理的速效钾含量则一直呈下降趋势。由此可见,施钾促进了大豆对氮磷钾养分的吸收。
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of potassium application on the yield of soybean and soil nutrient in black soil and white soil. The results showed that the application of potassium fertilizer can significantly increase soybean yield. The results showed that there was a quadratic regression relationship between the amount of applied potassium (x) and the yield (y) in the two soils. Black soil: = 2516.1 + 6.6307x- 0.0242x2 (R2 = 0.8475); white soil: = 2453.1 + 4.2819x-0.0140x2 R2 = 0.9836). The results showed that the maximum potassium content in planted soybean on black soil should be controlled below 140kghm-2, and the maximum potassium content in white soil should not exceed 150kghm-2. With the advance of soybean growth stage, the trend of available nitrogen and available phosphorus in the two soils tended to increase at first and then decrease, and both reached the highest value at flowering stage. The contents of available nitrogen and available phosphorus The contents of available potassium in the two soils decreased first and then decreased slightly and tended to be stable. However, the content of available potassium in the two soils continued to decrease. Thus, potassium application promoted the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soybean.