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研究环境污染对生物体遗传的影响是环境生物学的一个新的分支。而水质污染对鱼、虾、蟹、贝等水生生物遗传的影响,是当前国外用于生物学监测的一项新指标。这方面的研究不仅是保护渔业资源及合理制订渔业水质标准的一项主要依据,而且也是研究对人类健康产生间接影响的重要方面。象所有的生物一样,鱼类的遗传物质是以核酸和蛋白质为主要成份的染色体,而染色体的主要结构单位是在该体上呈直线排列的基因,基因是基本的遗传单位,其物质基础是核酸。水质污染对鱼类的影响,主要表现为致毒作用(急性毒、亚急性毒与慢性毒),致突变
Studying the influence of environmental pollution on organism’s inheritance is a new branch of environmental biology. The impact of water pollution on aquatic organisms such as fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish and other aquatic organisms is currently a new indicator for biological monitoring. Research in this area not only serves as a major basis for the protection of fishery resources and for the rational development of fishery water quality standards, but also as an important aspect of studying the indirect impacts on human health. Like all living things, the fish’s genetic material is a nucleic acid and protein-based chromosomes. The main structural unit of a chromosome is a gene that is arranged in a straight line on the body. The gene is a basic genetic unit and its material basis is Nucleic acid. The impact of water pollution on fish, mainly manifested as toxicogenic effects (acute, subacute and chronic toxicity), mutagenesis