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采用品种间杂交、回交和复交方法,经过田间农艺性状的选择和实验室品质分析,有效地协调了油菜品质育种过程中高产和优质、抗病性和优质的矛盾,育成高产、熟期适宜和较抗(耐)油菜菌核病和芜菁花叶病毒(TuMV)病的低芥酸油菜新品种“沪秀青”和低芥酸、低硫代葡萄糖甙油菜新品种“沪油12”,该二品种菜籽油中的芥酸含量分别为0.20%和0.21%;有益于人体健康的亚油酸含量分别为25.96%和24.42%;油酸含量分别为56.96%和58.99%。其菜籽油的营养价值较常规品种高。“沪油12”菜籽饼粕中硫代葡萄糖甙含量为25.98μmol/g,能直接作蛋白饲料喂养畜禽。对上海郊区和临近地区目前生产上推广的油菜品种的产量构成因素的通径系数分析表明,该地区今后在确定油菜品质育种目标之过程中,应适当增加一次分枝角果数,保持现有新品种主花序角果数,从严控制二次分枝角果数,适当减少每角果籽粒数,增加千粒重,对提高单、双低油菜新品种的产量能力将有显著效果。
Through the methods of crossbreeding, backcrossing and backcrossing, through the selection of agronomic traits and laboratory quality analysis, the contradiction between high yield, high quality, disease resistance and high quality in rapeseed breeding was effectively coordinated, and high yield and suitable maturity A new low-erucic acid rape variety “Hu Xiu Qing” and a new low-erucic acid, low-glucosinolate rapeseed hybrid “Huyou 12” were screened for resistance to B. napus and TuMV. , Respectively. The content of erucic acid in the two varieties of rapeseed oil was 0.20% and 0.21%, respectively. The content of linoleic acid, which was beneficial to human health, was 25.96% and 24.42% respectively. The contents of oleic acid were 56.96% and 58.99%. The rapeseed oil nutritional value than the conventional varieties. The content of glucosinolates in “Huyou 12” rapeseed meal was 25.98μmol / g, which can be directly used as protein feed to feed livestock and poultry. The path coefficient analysis of the yield components of rapeseed cultivars in Shanghai suburbs and nearby areas shows that in the future, in order to determine the breeding objectives of rapeseed quality, The new varieties of main inflorescence pod number strictly control the number of secondary branches pod, appropriate to reduce the number of grains per horn, increase 1000-grain weight, to improve single and double low rapeseed yield will have a significant effect.