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林业市场化改革的难点在于两个方面:1.林业自身特点对市场化改革的制约;2.林业体制与制度缺陷对市场改革的制约。采取的对策在于将林业分为三大部分:(1)以用材林和森林旅游为主的商品林业;(2)以防护林、保护区为主的公益林业;(3)以社会林业为主的边缘林业。对于商品林业,以发展工业人工林和森林旅游业为主,全面进入市场;对公益林业,则应强化政府干预,直接进行管理,作为社会公益事业来发展,暂不进入市场,对于边缘林业,则以政策扶持为主,以发展农村经济满足当地需要,帮助当地农民脱贫致富为主要目的。针对林业的特殊性,采取不同的对策以促进林业的持续发展。
The difficulty of the forestry market reform lies in two aspects: 1. The restriction of the forestry’s own characteristics on the market-oriented reform; 2. The restriction of the forestry system and system defects on the market reform. The countermeasure is to divide the forestry into three major parts: (1) commercial forestry based on timber forest and forest tourism; (2) public welfare forestry mainly based on shelterbelts and nature reserves; (3) social forestry forestry. For commercial forestry, the development of industrial plantation and forest tourism should be the main way to enter the market. For public welfare forestry, government intervention should be strengthened and management should be conducted directly. As a social public welfare undertaking, it should not enter the market. For the marginal forestry, Then the main policy support to develop the rural economy to meet local needs and help local farmers out of poverty for the main purpose. In view of the particularity of forestry, take different countermeasures to promote the sustainable development of forestry.