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目的调查沈阳市和平区手足口病流行趋势,为制订防控措施提供依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法分析和平区2009-2012年手足口病疫情资料。结果 2009-2012年共报告手足口病例2 440例,年均发病率88.54/10万,各年度发病率以2012年137.50/10万为最高;男性发病率(106.50/10万)高于女性(70.73/10万),男女性别比1.5∶1;实验室诊断68例,EV71感染占36.8%,CoxA16占39.7%;发病主要集中在6～8月(74.1%);以散居儿童、幼托儿童为主(52.6%和40.4%);0～5岁年龄组发病最多(90.6%),其中2～4岁占63.9%。发病数前3位的街道为长白(14.9%)、浑河湾(13.8%)和南湖(10.7%),沈水湾最少(0.7%)。结论今后应加强对婴幼儿家长和保教人员手足口病防治知识的健康教育,采取有效措施防控托幼机构疫情发生,做好现场应急处置工作。
Objective To investigate the epidemic trend of hand, foot and mouth disease in Heping District of Shenyang City, and to provide basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic situation of HFMD in Heping District from 2009 to 2012. Results A total of 240 440 hand-foot-mouth cases were reported from 2009 to 2012, with an average annual incidence of 88.54 / lakh. The annual incidence rate was highest in 137.50 / lakh in 2012; the incidence of males was 106.50 / lakh higher than that of females 70.73 / 100000), male to female ratio of 1.5: 1; laboratory diagnosis of 68 cases, EV71 infection accounted for 36.8%, CoxA16 accounted for 39.7%; incidence mainly concentrated in June to August (74.1%); to scattered children, (52.6% and 40.4%), respectively. The incidence in the 0-5 age group was the highest (90.6%), of which 63.9% were in the range of 2-4 years. The first three affected areas are Changbai (14.9%), Hunhe Bay (13.8%) and Nanhu (10.7%), and Shenshuiwan at least (0.7%). Conclusion In the future, health education should be strengthened for knowledge of hand-foot-mouth disease prevention and control among parents and parents in infants and young children. Effective measures should be taken to prevent and control outbreaks of nurseries and kindergartens and emergency response work on site.