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On 21st of April 2015， the UN-Habitat Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Award was launched in Nairobi Kenya at the organisations headquarters. The Award was launched on the occasion of the 24th Governing Council of UN-Habitat. Oyebanji Oyeyinka， Director， Monitoring & Research Division（MRD）， UN-Habitat and Director， Youth Empowerment Committee， UN-Habitat and Jiang Mingjun， Founding President of the International Ecological Safety Collaborative Organisation （IESCO） and Executive Director， Youth Empowerment Committee， UN-Habitat launched the Award at a special ceremony.
The UN-Habitat Youth Innovation Awards， the first of its kind has jointly been set up by a UN agency， UN-Habitat， an ecological safety organization， IESCO and supported by a private green urban investor from China， the China Development Orient Urban Development and Investment Company Limited （“CDB-ORIENT”） / CDO.
This is the only international award which comprehensively covers areas of everyday human and environmental interaction. The Award recognizes young women and men who have demonstrated innovations in technological， socio-economic and cultural fields via international appreciation， fame， and prize money. The Award aims to inspire projects which contribute meaningfully to the socioeconomic development of society. The scheme is geared towards transforming society for the betterment of individuals while protecting the environment in the context of a rapidly urbanizing world.
2015年4月21日，值联合国人居署第二十四届理事大会召开之际，联合国人居署青年创新创业奖在肯尼亚内罗毕启动。联合国人居署监测中心主任、联合国人居署青年赋权委员会主席班吉·奥伊兰·奥伊卡和国际生态安全合作组织创始主席、联合国人居署青年赋权委员会执行主席蒋明君举行了特别仪式，宣布了该奖项的正式启动。
联合国人居署青年创新奖是同类奖项中的第一个，由联合国人居署和国际生态安全合作组织共同设立。该奖项由来自中国的一家私营绿色城市投资企业——国开东方城镇发展投资有限公司资助。
这是唯一一个囊括了人与环境日常互动方方面面的国际竞赛。通过奖金设置、国际认可和国际声望，该奖项将表彰青年男女在科技、社会经济和文化等领域中的行动和创新。该奖项旨在激励那些可能为社会经济发展做出贡献意义深远的行动，计划在越来越城市化的当今世界，在保护环境的同时，以人类生活的改善为目标对社会进行变革。
For developing countries
针对发展中国家
The tripartite Memorandum Of Understanding signed by the parties formally established the Award which will recognize， honour and promote a young generation of leaders in a position to leverage the power of innovation to establish businesses and enterprises which contribute to solving pressing environmental， economic and social problems of their society. In addition entries that are culturally oriented and projects which promote local customs in their concept， design and operation will merit special consideration.
This new initiative aims to attract， support and inspire some of the most innovative， high-impact young innovators and entrepreneurs in developing countries， especially in Africa and Asia and Latin America.The purpose of the Award is to acknowledge and recognize initiatives which will create positive impact socially， economically and environmentally. The initiative should act as catalyst towards the promotion of sustainable cities and towns and encourage talent needed for future urban development measured by creation of youth employment， poverty alleviation and ensuring ecological safety. The Award is open to citizens of developing countries.
由三方签订的合作谅解备忘录正式完成了该奖项的设立。该奖项将表彰、奖励和激励青年一代的领导人，使他们处于一个恰当的位置，利用创新进行创业，从而帮助解决日前社会中亟待解决的环境、经济和社会问题。除此之外，还有一些入选者是文化导向型的，那些以自己的理念、设计和运营推动本土文化的项目将予以特别纪念奖励。
这一新的倡议旨在吸引、支持和激励那些来自发展中国家特别是来自非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲的最富有创意、最具影响力的青年创新者和创业者。该奖项旨在认可和表彰那些可以为社会、经济和环境带来积极影响的行动。
这些行动应成为建设可持续城市和城镇的催化剂，并通过帮助青年就业、消除贫困和确保生态安全等措施，鼓励未来城市发展所需的人才。该奖项面向所有发展中国家的居民开放。
Award categories
奖项类别
There are five categories for the award and projects. These categories span the breadth of the Award and are judged by a Steering Committee of and a panel of expert judges in their fields. Awards will be given for Youth Leadership， Green Inventions and Innovations， Urban Ecological Safety， Social and Cultural innovations and the Young Entrepreneur of the Biennium As highlighted above， cultural initiatives will merit special consideration.
奖项和项目共分为5个类别。这5个类别全面覆盖了该奖项所涉及的领域，评审委员会和来自各个领域的专家小组共同进行奖项的评审。奖项设置包括青年领导力奖、绿色发明与创新奖，城市生态安全奖，社会和文化创新奖和两年一度青年创业奖。如前所述，文化行动将予以特别奖励。
1. Youth Leadership Award
The Award category recognizes the qualities of Vision， Integrity， Humility， Team spirit and Respect. Youth who have demonstrated these values through their leadership and participation in community， activities and organizations， and possess the mindset and skills to succeed as a leader in a challenging social or business environment should apply. Other factors under consideration include： ease of communication， inclusiveness， creative problem solving， networking， and the ability to inspire confidence in others to work with a leader as part of a team.
2. Green Inventions and Innovations Award
This Award will be given to individuals specifically engaged in， for example， setting up solar panels， composting programmes， designing and building wind turbines as well as those who are engaged in energy efficient devices as an alternative to the use of charcoal or firewood. Inventions and Innovations， particularly in the field of renewable energy and use of information technology will be encouraged. Interventions in tackling the spread of communicable diseases through the use of cultural contexts for example by using art and cultural expressions will also be recognized. Initiatives in the use and wide dissemination of such information though the internet and social media will also be encouraged. 3. Urban Ecological Safety Award
This Award aims to recognize young people who have contributed to ecological safety， helping mitigate ecological disasters and the protection of the environment in their communities. The Award will also recognize applicants who have demonstrated clear evidence of carrying out meaningful ecological research with potentially beneficial results.
4. Youth Entrepreneurship Award
This category aims to identify young women and men who are in the start-up phase of their business and whose business concepts and plans show strong growth potential. This Award aims at identifying， recognizing and celebrating the contributions that young entrepreneurs can make all around the world especially in the developing regions.
5. Social and Cultural Innovations Award
According various definitions， social innovation1 has the capacity to address social needs that traditional policy seems increasingly unable to tackle； can contribute to the empowerment of groups and individuals； and the willingness to change social relations. Hence， social innovation is often presented as a way to increase the quality of social services and their cost-effectiveness， offering equivalent， if not superior， outcomes despite considerable budget constraints. One of the noted innovators associated with the term include the founder of Grameen Bank which pioneered the concept of microcredit for supporting innovators in multiple developing countries in Asia， Africa and Latin America.
Cultural Innovation is a concept which is based on the premise that innovation takes place in distinct patterns that rely on cultural perspectives. This Award category will focus on identifying and rewarding Cultural Innovation in various countries.
1. 青年领导力奖
该奖项表彰有远见、正直、谦逊、团队合作和尊敬等品质。那些在参与或领导社区、活动和组织中彰显出以上品质，并且在一个充满挑战的社会或商业环境中，具备成功领袖的头脑和能力的青年可申请该奖项。另外，其他会被考虑的重要品质包括：善于交流、宽容、能够灵活处理问题，善于交流，善于激发其他成员的自信，使其更好地为团队工作。
2. 绿色发明及创新奖
该奖项将授予那些尤其从事例如制造太阳能板、堆肥项目、涉及和制造风力涡轮机等活动，以及使用节能工具代理煤炭柴薪的个人。
该奖项将鼓励在可再生能源和信息技术使用领域的发明及创新。也将奖励那些通过艺术和文化表达控制传染病传播的文化的干预行为，以及通过因特网和社会媒体使用和大量传播此类信息的行动。
3. 城市生态安全奖
该奖项旨在表彰那些对生态安全做出贡献，以及在其所在社区内帮助缓解生态灾难，保护生态环境的个人。该奖项还会表彰那些进行意义深远的生态研究活动，取得潜在的良好效果，并有充足证据证明的申请者。
4. 青年创业奖
该奖项旨在表彰那些仍处在创业启动阶段，却拥有企业理念和潜力巨大的计划的青年男女，认可、表彰和奖励在全世界尤其是发展中国家做出贡献的青年创业家们。
5. 社会和文化创新奖
根据不同来源的定义，社会创新1能够满足传统政策越来越无力应对的社会需求；能够促进团体和个人赋权；能够改变社会关系。因此，社会创新是在预算有限的前提下，增进社会服务的质量，节省其成本，提供优于或媲美原来产品的替代品和成果的一种方式。与此相关的一个著名创新案例—格莱米银行的创建者，这位创建者最先提出了小额贷款的概念，帮助了亚洲、非洲和拉美的很多发展中国家的创新者。 文化创新这一概念基于的前提是，该创新具有与众不同文化视野的特色。该奖项强调表彰和奖励不同国家的文化创新。
The organisers seek to invite nominations of initiatives and innovations that have the potential to make changes to the socio-economic fabric of the community both at local and national levels. At the same time the Award Committee is prepared to recognize contribution to the cultural norms of a given society through the promotion of community dialogue which could lead to harmony and mutual understanding which would in turn foster and encourage peace， prosperity and development.
From among the winners， Young Entrepreneur of the Biennium will also be recognized.
Citation will be given to institutions or individuals who have contributed to promoting， guiding and nurturing innovation as to innovators outside the pilot countries.
The Awards Programme aims to Identify， selectiand promotieyoung people who have developed innovative approaches， be it in renewable energy use through viable entrepreneurship， initiatives using Information and Communication Technology to improve lives in their communities， tackling the spread of communicable diseases using cultural interventions， or promoting gender equality.
组织者力求能收到那些有潜力在当地和国家层面对社会经济构造进行改变的行动和创新的提名。同时，组委会还准备表彰那些通过促进社区对话而对现有社会的文化规范做出贡献的个人。社区对话促进和谐与相互理解，进而培育和增进和平、繁荣和发展。
其中，两年一度青年企业家也将予以表彰和奖励。
对于那些为推动、引导和培育创新做出贡献的机构或个人，以及试点国家之外的创新者们，会授予纪念奖。
该评奖项目宗旨还包括发现、甄选和表彰那些开展创新的青年，他们在国家或其他层面，或是依靠创业使用可再生能源，开展利用信息技术提高本社区居民生活水平的行动，通过文化干预控制传染病的传播，宣传性别平等等。
UN-Habitat， IESCO and CDO seek to invite nominations of innovations and initiatives that have the potential to make changes to the socio economic fabric of their communities， both at local and national levels.
Winners will not only receive a cash Prize and a certificate from UN-Habitat and IESCO， they will also get a trophy and will benefit from extensive media coverage. The total amount of the prize pool is USD 200，000 and the individual cash grant will be USD 20，000 for each winner and there will be to two winners in each category.
The UN Habitat Youth Innovation Awards are unique as an international competition for young people that encompasses and rewards technological， social， economic and cultural aspects of youth led innovations and presents a wonderful showcase for young peoples’ efforts at ingenuity， creativity， and originality.
The scheme is a comprehensive mechanism which encompasses all facets of life and is geared to bringing serious and meaningful changes to society. It is aimed at transforming society from the bottom up. 联合国人居署、国际生态安全合作组织和国开东方城镇发展投资有限公司力求提名那些有潜力在当地和国家层面对社区社会经济构造进行变革的创新和行动。
获奖者不仅会获得一笔奖金和联合国人居署、国际生态安全合作组织授予的证书、奖杯，并且能从大量的媒体报道中受益。奖金池总额高达20万美元，每个奖项中的个人奖金额为2万美元，每个奖项下有两名获得者。
联合国人居署青年创新奖是一场特殊的青年国际竞赛，涵盖在科技、社会、经济和文化领域青年主导的创新行为，充分展示了青年的聪明才智、创新力和独创力。
该项目是一个全面的机制，覆盖生活的方方面面，力求为社会带来真正的、意义深远的变化。其宗旨在于带来自下而上的社会变革。
Who can apply？
谁能申请？
The Awards are global in nature. However， it is primarily open to all Young People aged 15 and 32 from developing countries who are active members of a youth led2 for profit or non-profit organization that aims to improve youth livelihoods and better serve their communities. Individual young entrepreneurs and innovators can also apply.
该奖项面向全球。但是，主要面向发展中国家15-32岁的青年。他们必须是青年领导2的非盈利组织的活跃成员，且致力于提高青年生活水平，更好地为所在的社区服务。青年企业家和投资者也可以以个人名义申请。
Application/ nomination process
申请/提名程序
The application process for nomination has been designed to identify those innovators who have performed outstandingly well. In order to ensure that this process is as open， fair and robust as possible， anyone may nominate a young innovator entrepreneur， including parents， teachers， community members， and even the entrepreneurs/innovators may nominate themselves.
提名的申请程序旨在评选出那些表现极为优秀的创新人才。为了保证评选程序公开、公平和有效，任何人都可以提名一位青年创新企业家，包括家长、教师、社区成员，且企业家/创新者也可以提名他们自己。
Criteria and considerations
标准和考核
The emphasis in judging applicants for the Youth Innovation Award will be how effectively the innovation addresses its stated objectives， how might it lead to improved efficiency， increase job creation and achieve environmentally sustainable goals. These will also be in line with contributions towards the award categories stated above. Specifically， the evaluation criteria that will guide the panel of judges are the following：
对青年创新奖申请者的考核重点为该创新如何有效地发挥作用、怎样提升效率、增加工作岗位，并实现环境可持续发展的目标。这些也与上述奖项类别的贡献相一致。评审组将会依照以下评估标准进行考核：
1. Originality of the innovation：
创新的独创性
a. Is it a new concept or a variation of an existing idea？
它是一个新的概念还是一个现存想法的发展变化？
b. Is it unique to the specified area or adapted from elsewhere？
它针对其特殊领域独一无二还是从其他领域借鉴而来？
c. Was it conceived and developed independently or was it in cooperation with others？
它是独自生成、发展的，还是经过了与他人的合作？
2. Impact of the innovation：
创新的影响
a. Will it make a fundamental positive change in youth development processes or simply a minor adjustment？ How impactful will the change be in the promotion of youth development： will it be fundamentally profound or superficial and momentary？ Will it be multifaceted or specific？ 它能为青年的发展带来彻底性积极的改变或只是微小的调整？这些改变对于推动青年发展影响有多大：是彻底颠覆性的，表面的，还是暂时的？它是多方面的还是只针对一方面的？
b. Will its impact be on multiple operational areas or just one specific area？
其作用将影响多个运营领域还是单独的一个领域？
c. Does it have the potential to reach and impact multitudes？ Is it possible to upscale？
它是否拥有带来多重影响的潜力？还能扩大影响吗？
3. Practicality of its application：
其应用的可行性
a. Will it be readily integrated into an existing initiative， process or product ？
它是否可以方便地纳入现有的倡议、过程或产品中？
b. Will it be cost-effective to implement？
执行它的投入产出是否平衡？
c. Does its implementation present any risk / uncertainty？ What is the risk factor involved？ Will its implementation lead to skepticism or will it be embraced wholeheartedly？
其执行是否带来任何风险或不确定性？其中风险因素又是什么？对其执行人们是抱有怀疑态度还是全心全意地接受？
4. Sustainability of the innovation：
创新的可持续性
a. Does the innovation lead to long lasting effect on youth empowerment？
该创新能否为青年赋权带来长期有效的影响？
b. Can the development approach be applied to similar problems / opportunities？
其开发途径是否能应用于解决类似问题或情境？
5. Applicability：
可用性：
a. Is this an innovation that can be applied to other youth groups or replicated in a different context or setup？
该创意是否可以应用于其他青年群体或在其它背景下被复制？
b. How have others learnt or benefited from the initiative？ Lessons learnt from this initiative
其他人怎样从该倡议中获益？从该倡议中可以吸取哪些经验？
6. Reliability
可靠性
Is this innovation easy to replicate and has the capacity to be scaled up in different setup. This is a key evaluation criterion.
该创意是否便于复制，能够在不同的背景下扩大规模？这是评估标准的一个关键。
7. The innovation is not more than five years old.
创新开发时间不超过5年。
The deadline for the submission of entries is 31 July 2015. The tentative date for the Award ceremony in Beijing is 24 October 2015.
The Websites of UN-Habitat， IESCO and CDO will carry detailed information on the Award and the Award Process. The submission guide in word format for applications for the Award is available on these websites- Applicants are strongly encouraged to submit electronically if possible. Submissions shall be made in English. Submitters are strongly advised not to use automatic translation.
提交申请的截止日期为2015年7月31日。颁奖日期暂定为2015年10月24日，地点为北京。
联合国人居署、国际生态安全合作组织和国开东方城镇发展投资有限公司的网站将就该奖项和评奖过程进行更详细的说明。文档格式的提交指南可以在上述网站中下载——强烈推荐申请人提交电子表格。申请表应使用英文填写。强烈建议申请人不要使用机器翻译。
Background information -- why a new award for young people3？
背景信息—为什么需要这样一个针对青年的新奖项3？
All countries， irrespective of their level of technological and industrial development， experience， education and skills can increase the ability to innovate and adopt new technologies. Entrepreneurship is a vehicle that makes the benefits of innovation widely available to broad masses of people. A workforce that has been appropriately trained and is able to continue learning and to innovate boosts investors' confidence leading to job creation with its multiple ripple effects.
As we are nearing the transition from MDGs， the success of Post-2015 Development Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals （SDGs） will depend on whether or not due investments are made in young people. 1.8 billion Young people constitute a large proportion of world’s population. Close to 90% of them live in developing countries， where they make up a large proportion of the population. Only if governments truly commit themselves to investing in young people， will we have a real shot at sustainable development for all.
Some 74 million youth are unemployed， and more than 600 million jobs need to be generated globally by the year 2030. Young people aged 15 to 24 are almost three times more likely than older segments of the population to be unemployed， and in some countries the youth unemployment rate exceeds 50 per cent. Countries will need to view the right to education and jobs as a fundamental human right， being focused in the elimination of all forms of inequality including gender inequality. Only then will the youth be in a position to realise their full potential and will participate meaningfully to national prosperity starting at the family level stretching to the community and national levels.
任何一个国家，无论其科技和工业发展水平如何，有过何种经历，教育和技能都能够提升其创新和运用新技术的能力。创业使创新的利益普适于大众。经过适当培训、能够持续学习和创新的劳动力能够增强投资人的信心，使他们创造更多的工作，从而带来多方面的深远影响。
当我们临近从千年发展目标向2015年后可持续发展目标的过度，2015年后可持续发展目标能否成功实现取决于我们对青年的投资是否足够。18亿青年成为世界人口的一个重要组成部分。他们中的90%生活在发展中国家，占据发展中国家人口的绝大部分。只有当政府真正实现向青年人投资，才有可能真正、永远地实现可持续发展。
74，000，000青年处于失业状态，截至2030年，全球将会新增超过600，000，000份工作。失业人口中，15到24岁的青年几乎是更大年龄段人口比例的三倍。在一些国家，青年人群失业率超过50个百分点。国家应把教育和工作的权利作为一项基本人权，关注消除各种形式的不平等，包括性别不平等。只有这样，青年们才能在岗位上全面发挥潜能，从家庭延伸至社会和国家层面，为国家繁荣贡献积极力量。
In short， engagement of the youth in development activities and their inclusion in the socio economic aspects of wealth generation will contribute to the prosperity of societies. Young people are connected to each other like never before； they are driving social progress， inspiring political change and building resilience. It has， however， been documented that many young people are prevented from achieving their true potential， because they lack access to quality education， health care， decent work and gainful opportunities to participate in society. They live in areas affected by crises， and hence are prevented from harnessing their true potential and worth. What young people also need are role models who can inspire and energize to help them unlock their potential. Investments in youth would not only translate into better lives for young people themselves， but also offer the opportunity to reap the benefits in terms of the contributions which in turn can lead to nation building， thereby ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come. UN-Habitat Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Award is recognition of the central role of young women and men shaping the present and future.
简而言之，青年在社会经济中制造财富的发展活动和包容的参与会为社会繁荣贡献力量。青年之间的联系空前紧密，他们正在驱动社会的进步，启发政治改革并建立弹性机制。然而，许多青年并没有完全发挥真正潜能，因为他们缺少参与社会活动的通道，例如接受高质量教育，享受健康医疗，拥有体面的工作或有回报的机遇。他们居住在受危机侵扰的地区，因此无法充分利用他们的潜能和价值。青年还需要榜样来鼓舞和激励他们释放潜能。
对青年的投资并不能单一的解读为为他们自身创造更好的生活，还包含提供给他们从国家建设成果中能够获取受益的机遇，从而进一步为子孙后代提供可持续发展的未来。联合国人居署青年创新创业奖是用来表彰青年男女们在塑造现在和未来时所发挥的核心作用。
From invention to innovation
从发明到创新
Just like transforming a lump of clay into a pot requires skill， artistry， material， vision and an idea， transforming invention into innovation requires several parts. Demographic structure and timing combined with a business model that can replace or enhance the use of an existing technology are elements that can promote innovation. Young people are often both innovators and consumers of inventions. It has been ad nauseam pointed out that most of the innovations in the information technology sector including the social media are created by young people and adopted and consumed by them. In order to nurture and promote the innovative nature of young people， a country will have provide an enabling environment， an environment that is responsive to the ideas and actions of young people and provide them with the capacity to innovate.
Some of these new technologies and inventions are also “disruptive” in the sense that new ways of doing things disrupt or overturn the traditional business methods and practices. E mails for example replaced the need for traditional post/letter delivery.
就像把一块粘土变成一只罐子需要技巧、艺术、材料、视觉和理念，将发明转化为创新也需要几个部分。与可替换或促进现有科技用途的商业模式相结合的动态结构和契机是推动创新的要素。青年往往兼有创新者和消费者的角色。我们曾不厌其烦地强调，包括社交媒体在内的大多数信息科技领域创新，都是由青年创造并接受和消费的。为培养和促进青年的创新性，国家必须提供有利环境，来响应青年的创新思维和行动，为他们提供创新能力。
一些新科技和发明也具有意义上的“颠覆性”，新方式会瓦解或颠覆传统商业模式和实践。例如电子邮件代替传统信件投递的需求。
The diversification of rural and urban employment and income is an increasingly important fact of life in the developing world； the agricultural path out of income poverty is relevant for only a portion of the rural poor. Hence the need for rural-urban linkages in innovation to promote employment and entrepreneurship. In rural areas， technological innovation can make direct contributions to farm household welfare， but the effects vary according to the level of integration of agricultural markets to urban areas.
Technological innovation can also have indirect benefits for the poor through effects on food prices， employment and backward and forward linkages with other parts of the economy.
农村和城市就业和收入的多元化越来越成为发展中国家生活的重要因素；农业走出收入贫困的道路只与农村贫困比例相关，因此，在创新中要利用城乡结合的需要来促进就业和创业。
在农村地区，科技创新可以直接带给农民收益，但收益大小取决于农产品市场与城市地区的一体化水平。
通过影响食品价格，就业与其他地区的经济联系，科技创新也可以为穷人带来间接利益。
Innovation for development
以创新求发展
It has often been explained that there are four4 processes to technological advances in an economy： discovery， invention， innovation， and diffusion. Discovery involves the elucidation of the fundamental processes of nature through observations of nature， reasoning， and experimentation. For example， Sir Isaacs Newton discovered the law of gravity by expanding upon the works of Galileo， Kepler， Halley， Huygens， Hooke， and others. It should also be noted that as science was beginning to grow in the cultures of Western civilization， it was likewise taking root or already taken root elsewhere in the world. Ancient and medieval China， India， and America in particular have been centers of the scientific world.
The difference between innovation and invention is that invention involves the creation of new things from new ideas while innovation is the introduction of new concepts to improve that which already exists.
Innovation plays an important role in addressing many of the developmental challenges such as providing access to drinking water， eradicating neglected diseases or addressing the needs of the hungry.
人们常说，在经济科技中的进步有四个阶段4：发现、发明、创新、扩散。发现涉及的基本自然过程包括对自然界的观察，推理和实验。例如，艾萨克·牛顿爵士在伽利略、开普勒、哈雷、惠更斯、胡克和其他研究者工作的基础上发现了万有引力定律。还应当指出，科学开始在西方文明的文化发展之初，它同样是始于扎根或已扎根在世界其他地方。古代和中世纪的中国，印度，特别是美国，就已成为了科学世界的中心。
创新和发明的区别在于，发明涉及到来自新想法的新事物创造，而创新是利用新概念来改进已有事物。
创新在处理很多发展所面临的挑战问题上发挥着重要作用，例如在饮用水、消除被忽略的疾病、饥饿等问题上提供解决渠道。
Technological progress occurs not at the point of invention – the discovery of new knowledge – but at the point of innovation – when an increase in productivity arises from the market/society -proven application of new technology.
Despite protective measures such as patents and trade markets， economic success of innovation depends on production and distribution of products and services across national borders. Hence the transfer and， when necessary， adaptation of technologies developed in one country can often contribute significantly to these goals in another. Effective international co-operation that involves both public and private bodies is an important mechanism for finding these much needed solutions. Building and enhancing innovation capacities have contributed to the growth and welfare of developing countries. Many developing countries have also recognized that innovation is not just about high-technology products.
科技进步不是体现在发明的时刻，即发现新知识，而是发生在创新的时刻，市场或社会生产率的提高就证明了新技术的应用。
尽管有保护措施，如专利和贸易市场，创新经济的成功仍取决于跨国界的产品和服务的生产和分配。因此，必要时可以采用科技转移。在一个国家建立的科技运用往往可以大大有助于在另一国家实现这些目标。有效的国际合作，包括公共和私营机构，都是发现这些急需解决方案的重要机制。
建立和提高创新能力有助于发展中国家的经济增长和福利。许多发展中国家也认识到，创新不仅仅指高科技产品。
Many countries have also learnt that innovation needs to be targeted to local needs in order to address challenges specific to the local context （e.g. Tropical diseases， combating Ebola）.
Ultimately， successful development strategy must always be combined with appropriate governance mechanisms to promote economic growth.
许多国家也认识到，创新需要有针对性的结合当地需求，以应对当地情况和挑战（如热带疾病，抗击埃博拉）。
最终，成功的发展战略必须结合适当的治理机制来促进经济增长。
Innovation and entrepreneurship
创新与创业
The acquired capacity to develop， organize and manage a business along with any of the many risks is fundamental to profit making. Prudent and wise management of any enterprise is a prerequisite for the success of the business.
Entrepreneurship helps with the diffusion of innovations. Diffusion is the spread of innovation to other firms so that they can remain competitive. This diffusion occurs by either emulating or copying others' products or processes， which can be achieved in many ways such as the use of the World Wide Web and internet.
有能力在众多风险中的创建、组织和运行商业，这些都是盈利的基础。谨慎和明智的管理是任何企业成功的先决条件。
创业有助于创新的扩散。扩散是指创新扩散到其他公司，使他们能够保持竞争力。这种扩散发生在模仿或复制他人的产品或过程中，它可以通过许多方式得以实现，例如万维网和因特网的使用。
1http：//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_innovation
2Majority of the governing members of the origination must be of 15-32 years of age. 获得者多数应在15到32岁之间。
3http：//unhabitat.org/media-centre/news/
4http：//thismatter.com/economics/technological-advances.htm
The UN-Habitat Youth Innovation Awards， the first of its kind has jointly been set up by a UN agency， UN-Habitat， an ecological safety organization， IESCO and supported by a private green urban investor from China， the China Development Orient Urban Development and Investment Company Limited （“CDB-ORIENT”） / CDO.
This is the only international award which comprehensively covers areas of everyday human and environmental interaction. The Award recognizes young women and men who have demonstrated innovations in technological， socio-economic and cultural fields via international appreciation， fame， and prize money. The Award aims to inspire projects which contribute meaningfully to the socioeconomic development of society. The scheme is geared towards transforming society for the betterment of individuals while protecting the environment in the context of a rapidly urbanizing world.
2015年4月21日，值联合国人居署第二十四届理事大会召开之际，联合国人居署青年创新创业奖在肯尼亚内罗毕启动。联合国人居署监测中心主任、联合国人居署青年赋权委员会主席班吉·奥伊兰·奥伊卡和国际生态安全合作组织创始主席、联合国人居署青年赋权委员会执行主席蒋明君举行了特别仪式，宣布了该奖项的正式启动。
联合国人居署青年创新奖是同类奖项中的第一个，由联合国人居署和国际生态安全合作组织共同设立。该奖项由来自中国的一家私营绿色城市投资企业——国开东方城镇发展投资有限公司资助。
这是唯一一个囊括了人与环境日常互动方方面面的国际竞赛。通过奖金设置、国际认可和国际声望，该奖项将表彰青年男女在科技、社会经济和文化等领域中的行动和创新。该奖项旨在激励那些可能为社会经济发展做出贡献意义深远的行动，计划在越来越城市化的当今世界，在保护环境的同时，以人类生活的改善为目标对社会进行变革。
For developing countries
针对发展中国家
The tripartite Memorandum Of Understanding signed by the parties formally established the Award which will recognize， honour and promote a young generation of leaders in a position to leverage the power of innovation to establish businesses and enterprises which contribute to solving pressing environmental， economic and social problems of their society. In addition entries that are culturally oriented and projects which promote local customs in their concept， design and operation will merit special consideration.
This new initiative aims to attract， support and inspire some of the most innovative， high-impact young innovators and entrepreneurs in developing countries， especially in Africa and Asia and Latin America.The purpose of the Award is to acknowledge and recognize initiatives which will create positive impact socially， economically and environmentally. The initiative should act as catalyst towards the promotion of sustainable cities and towns and encourage talent needed for future urban development measured by creation of youth employment， poverty alleviation and ensuring ecological safety. The Award is open to citizens of developing countries.
由三方签订的合作谅解备忘录正式完成了该奖项的设立。该奖项将表彰、奖励和激励青年一代的领导人，使他们处于一个恰当的位置，利用创新进行创业，从而帮助解决日前社会中亟待解决的环境、经济和社会问题。除此之外，还有一些入选者是文化导向型的，那些以自己的理念、设计和运营推动本土文化的项目将予以特别纪念奖励。
这一新的倡议旨在吸引、支持和激励那些来自发展中国家特别是来自非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲的最富有创意、最具影响力的青年创新者和创业者。该奖项旨在认可和表彰那些可以为社会、经济和环境带来积极影响的行动。
这些行动应成为建设可持续城市和城镇的催化剂，并通过帮助青年就业、消除贫困和确保生态安全等措施，鼓励未来城市发展所需的人才。该奖项面向所有发展中国家的居民开放。
Award categories
奖项类别
There are five categories for the award and projects. These categories span the breadth of the Award and are judged by a Steering Committee of and a panel of expert judges in their fields. Awards will be given for Youth Leadership， Green Inventions and Innovations， Urban Ecological Safety， Social and Cultural innovations and the Young Entrepreneur of the Biennium As highlighted above， cultural initiatives will merit special consideration.
奖项和项目共分为5个类别。这5个类别全面覆盖了该奖项所涉及的领域，评审委员会和来自各个领域的专家小组共同进行奖项的评审。奖项设置包括青年领导力奖、绿色发明与创新奖，城市生态安全奖，社会和文化创新奖和两年一度青年创业奖。如前所述，文化行动将予以特别奖励。
1. Youth Leadership Award
The Award category recognizes the qualities of Vision， Integrity， Humility， Team spirit and Respect. Youth who have demonstrated these values through their leadership and participation in community， activities and organizations， and possess the mindset and skills to succeed as a leader in a challenging social or business environment should apply. Other factors under consideration include： ease of communication， inclusiveness， creative problem solving， networking， and the ability to inspire confidence in others to work with a leader as part of a team.
2. Green Inventions and Innovations Award
This Award will be given to individuals specifically engaged in， for example， setting up solar panels， composting programmes， designing and building wind turbines as well as those who are engaged in energy efficient devices as an alternative to the use of charcoal or firewood. Inventions and Innovations， particularly in the field of renewable energy and use of information technology will be encouraged. Interventions in tackling the spread of communicable diseases through the use of cultural contexts for example by using art and cultural expressions will also be recognized. Initiatives in the use and wide dissemination of such information though the internet and social media will also be encouraged. 3. Urban Ecological Safety Award
This Award aims to recognize young people who have contributed to ecological safety， helping mitigate ecological disasters and the protection of the environment in their communities. The Award will also recognize applicants who have demonstrated clear evidence of carrying out meaningful ecological research with potentially beneficial results.
4. Youth Entrepreneurship Award
This category aims to identify young women and men who are in the start-up phase of their business and whose business concepts and plans show strong growth potential. This Award aims at identifying， recognizing and celebrating the contributions that young entrepreneurs can make all around the world especially in the developing regions.
5. Social and Cultural Innovations Award
According various definitions， social innovation1 has the capacity to address social needs that traditional policy seems increasingly unable to tackle； can contribute to the empowerment of groups and individuals； and the willingness to change social relations. Hence， social innovation is often presented as a way to increase the quality of social services and their cost-effectiveness， offering equivalent， if not superior， outcomes despite considerable budget constraints. One of the noted innovators associated with the term include the founder of Grameen Bank which pioneered the concept of microcredit for supporting innovators in multiple developing countries in Asia， Africa and Latin America.
Cultural Innovation is a concept which is based on the premise that innovation takes place in distinct patterns that rely on cultural perspectives. This Award category will focus on identifying and rewarding Cultural Innovation in various countries.
1. 青年领导力奖
该奖项表彰有远见、正直、谦逊、团队合作和尊敬等品质。那些在参与或领导社区、活动和组织中彰显出以上品质，并且在一个充满挑战的社会或商业环境中，具备成功领袖的头脑和能力的青年可申请该奖项。另外，其他会被考虑的重要品质包括：善于交流、宽容、能够灵活处理问题，善于交流，善于激发其他成员的自信，使其更好地为团队工作。
2. 绿色发明及创新奖
该奖项将授予那些尤其从事例如制造太阳能板、堆肥项目、涉及和制造风力涡轮机等活动，以及使用节能工具代理煤炭柴薪的个人。
该奖项将鼓励在可再生能源和信息技术使用领域的发明及创新。也将奖励那些通过艺术和文化表达控制传染病传播的文化的干预行为，以及通过因特网和社会媒体使用和大量传播此类信息的行动。
3. 城市生态安全奖
该奖项旨在表彰那些对生态安全做出贡献，以及在其所在社区内帮助缓解生态灾难，保护生态环境的个人。该奖项还会表彰那些进行意义深远的生态研究活动，取得潜在的良好效果，并有充足证据证明的申请者。
4. 青年创业奖
该奖项旨在表彰那些仍处在创业启动阶段，却拥有企业理念和潜力巨大的计划的青年男女，认可、表彰和奖励在全世界尤其是发展中国家做出贡献的青年创业家们。
5. 社会和文化创新奖
根据不同来源的定义，社会创新1能够满足传统政策越来越无力应对的社会需求；能够促进团体和个人赋权；能够改变社会关系。因此，社会创新是在预算有限的前提下，增进社会服务的质量，节省其成本，提供优于或媲美原来产品的替代品和成果的一种方式。与此相关的一个著名创新案例—格莱米银行的创建者，这位创建者最先提出了小额贷款的概念，帮助了亚洲、非洲和拉美的很多发展中国家的创新者。 文化创新这一概念基于的前提是，该创新具有与众不同文化视野的特色。该奖项强调表彰和奖励不同国家的文化创新。
The organisers seek to invite nominations of initiatives and innovations that have the potential to make changes to the socio-economic fabric of the community both at local and national levels. At the same time the Award Committee is prepared to recognize contribution to the cultural norms of a given society through the promotion of community dialogue which could lead to harmony and mutual understanding which would in turn foster and encourage peace， prosperity and development.
From among the winners， Young Entrepreneur of the Biennium will also be recognized.
Citation will be given to institutions or individuals who have contributed to promoting， guiding and nurturing innovation as to innovators outside the pilot countries.
The Awards Programme aims to Identify， selectiand promotieyoung people who have developed innovative approaches， be it in renewable energy use through viable entrepreneurship， initiatives using Information and Communication Technology to improve lives in their communities， tackling the spread of communicable diseases using cultural interventions， or promoting gender equality.
组织者力求能收到那些有潜力在当地和国家层面对社会经济构造进行改变的行动和创新的提名。同时，组委会还准备表彰那些通过促进社区对话而对现有社会的文化规范做出贡献的个人。社区对话促进和谐与相互理解，进而培育和增进和平、繁荣和发展。
其中，两年一度青年企业家也将予以表彰和奖励。
对于那些为推动、引导和培育创新做出贡献的机构或个人，以及试点国家之外的创新者们，会授予纪念奖。
该评奖项目宗旨还包括发现、甄选和表彰那些开展创新的青年，他们在国家或其他层面，或是依靠创业使用可再生能源，开展利用信息技术提高本社区居民生活水平的行动，通过文化干预控制传染病的传播，宣传性别平等等。
UN-Habitat， IESCO and CDO seek to invite nominations of innovations and initiatives that have the potential to make changes to the socio economic fabric of their communities， both at local and national levels.
Winners will not only receive a cash Prize and a certificate from UN-Habitat and IESCO， they will also get a trophy and will benefit from extensive media coverage. The total amount of the prize pool is USD 200，000 and the individual cash grant will be USD 20，000 for each winner and there will be to two winners in each category.
The UN Habitat Youth Innovation Awards are unique as an international competition for young people that encompasses and rewards technological， social， economic and cultural aspects of youth led innovations and presents a wonderful showcase for young peoples’ efforts at ingenuity， creativity， and originality.
The scheme is a comprehensive mechanism which encompasses all facets of life and is geared to bringing serious and meaningful changes to society. It is aimed at transforming society from the bottom up. 联合国人居署、国际生态安全合作组织和国开东方城镇发展投资有限公司力求提名那些有潜力在当地和国家层面对社区社会经济构造进行变革的创新和行动。
获奖者不仅会获得一笔奖金和联合国人居署、国际生态安全合作组织授予的证书、奖杯，并且能从大量的媒体报道中受益。奖金池总额高达20万美元，每个奖项中的个人奖金额为2万美元，每个奖项下有两名获得者。
联合国人居署青年创新奖是一场特殊的青年国际竞赛，涵盖在科技、社会、经济和文化领域青年主导的创新行为，充分展示了青年的聪明才智、创新力和独创力。
该项目是一个全面的机制，覆盖生活的方方面面，力求为社会带来真正的、意义深远的变化。其宗旨在于带来自下而上的社会变革。
Who can apply？
谁能申请？
The Awards are global in nature. However， it is primarily open to all Young People aged 15 and 32 from developing countries who are active members of a youth led2 for profit or non-profit organization that aims to improve youth livelihoods and better serve their communities. Individual young entrepreneurs and innovators can also apply.
该奖项面向全球。但是，主要面向发展中国家15-32岁的青年。他们必须是青年领导2的非盈利组织的活跃成员，且致力于提高青年生活水平，更好地为所在的社区服务。青年企业家和投资者也可以以个人名义申请。
Application/ nomination process
申请/提名程序
The application process for nomination has been designed to identify those innovators who have performed outstandingly well. In order to ensure that this process is as open， fair and robust as possible， anyone may nominate a young innovator entrepreneur， including parents， teachers， community members， and even the entrepreneurs/innovators may nominate themselves.
提名的申请程序旨在评选出那些表现极为优秀的创新人才。为了保证评选程序公开、公平和有效，任何人都可以提名一位青年创新企业家，包括家长、教师、社区成员，且企业家/创新者也可以提名他们自己。
Criteria and considerations
标准和考核
The emphasis in judging applicants for the Youth Innovation Award will be how effectively the innovation addresses its stated objectives， how might it lead to improved efficiency， increase job creation and achieve environmentally sustainable goals. These will also be in line with contributions towards the award categories stated above. Specifically， the evaluation criteria that will guide the panel of judges are the following：
对青年创新奖申请者的考核重点为该创新如何有效地发挥作用、怎样提升效率、增加工作岗位，并实现环境可持续发展的目标。这些也与上述奖项类别的贡献相一致。评审组将会依照以下评估标准进行考核：
1. Originality of the innovation：
创新的独创性
a. Is it a new concept or a variation of an existing idea？
它是一个新的概念还是一个现存想法的发展变化？
b. Is it unique to the specified area or adapted from elsewhere？
它针对其特殊领域独一无二还是从其他领域借鉴而来？
c. Was it conceived and developed independently or was it in cooperation with others？
它是独自生成、发展的，还是经过了与他人的合作？
2. Impact of the innovation：
创新的影响
a. Will it make a fundamental positive change in youth development processes or simply a minor adjustment？ How impactful will the change be in the promotion of youth development： will it be fundamentally profound or superficial and momentary？ Will it be multifaceted or specific？ 它能为青年的发展带来彻底性积极的改变或只是微小的调整？这些改变对于推动青年发展影响有多大：是彻底颠覆性的，表面的，还是暂时的？它是多方面的还是只针对一方面的？
b. Will its impact be on multiple operational areas or just one specific area？
其作用将影响多个运营领域还是单独的一个领域？
c. Does it have the potential to reach and impact multitudes？ Is it possible to upscale？
它是否拥有带来多重影响的潜力？还能扩大影响吗？
3. Practicality of its application：
其应用的可行性
a. Will it be readily integrated into an existing initiative， process or product ？
它是否可以方便地纳入现有的倡议、过程或产品中？
b. Will it be cost-effective to implement？
执行它的投入产出是否平衡？
c. Does its implementation present any risk / uncertainty？ What is the risk factor involved？ Will its implementation lead to skepticism or will it be embraced wholeheartedly？
其执行是否带来任何风险或不确定性？其中风险因素又是什么？对其执行人们是抱有怀疑态度还是全心全意地接受？
4. Sustainability of the innovation：
创新的可持续性
a. Does the innovation lead to long lasting effect on youth empowerment？
该创新能否为青年赋权带来长期有效的影响？
b. Can the development approach be applied to similar problems / opportunities？
其开发途径是否能应用于解决类似问题或情境？
5. Applicability：
可用性：
a. Is this an innovation that can be applied to other youth groups or replicated in a different context or setup？
该创意是否可以应用于其他青年群体或在其它背景下被复制？
b. How have others learnt or benefited from the initiative？ Lessons learnt from this initiative
其他人怎样从该倡议中获益？从该倡议中可以吸取哪些经验？
6. Reliability
可靠性
Is this innovation easy to replicate and has the capacity to be scaled up in different setup. This is a key evaluation criterion.
该创意是否便于复制，能够在不同的背景下扩大规模？这是评估标准的一个关键。
7. The innovation is not more than five years old.
创新开发时间不超过5年。
The deadline for the submission of entries is 31 July 2015. The tentative date for the Award ceremony in Beijing is 24 October 2015.
The Websites of UN-Habitat， IESCO and CDO will carry detailed information on the Award and the Award Process. The submission guide in word format for applications for the Award is available on these websites- Applicants are strongly encouraged to submit electronically if possible. Submissions shall be made in English. Submitters are strongly advised not to use automatic translation.
提交申请的截止日期为2015年7月31日。颁奖日期暂定为2015年10月24日，地点为北京。
联合国人居署、国际生态安全合作组织和国开东方城镇发展投资有限公司的网站将就该奖项和评奖过程进行更详细的说明。文档格式的提交指南可以在上述网站中下载——强烈推荐申请人提交电子表格。申请表应使用英文填写。强烈建议申请人不要使用机器翻译。
Background information -- why a new award for young people3？
背景信息—为什么需要这样一个针对青年的新奖项3？
All countries， irrespective of their level of technological and industrial development， experience， education and skills can increase the ability to innovate and adopt new technologies. Entrepreneurship is a vehicle that makes the benefits of innovation widely available to broad masses of people. A workforce that has been appropriately trained and is able to continue learning and to innovate boosts investors' confidence leading to job creation with its multiple ripple effects.
As we are nearing the transition from MDGs， the success of Post-2015 Development Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals （SDGs） will depend on whether or not due investments are made in young people. 1.8 billion Young people constitute a large proportion of world’s population. Close to 90% of them live in developing countries， where they make up a large proportion of the population. Only if governments truly commit themselves to investing in young people， will we have a real shot at sustainable development for all.
Some 74 million youth are unemployed， and more than 600 million jobs need to be generated globally by the year 2030. Young people aged 15 to 24 are almost three times more likely than older segments of the population to be unemployed， and in some countries the youth unemployment rate exceeds 50 per cent. Countries will need to view the right to education and jobs as a fundamental human right， being focused in the elimination of all forms of inequality including gender inequality. Only then will the youth be in a position to realise their full potential and will participate meaningfully to national prosperity starting at the family level stretching to the community and national levels.
任何一个国家，无论其科技和工业发展水平如何，有过何种经历，教育和技能都能够提升其创新和运用新技术的能力。创业使创新的利益普适于大众。经过适当培训、能够持续学习和创新的劳动力能够增强投资人的信心，使他们创造更多的工作，从而带来多方面的深远影响。
当我们临近从千年发展目标向2015年后可持续发展目标的过度，2015年后可持续发展目标能否成功实现取决于我们对青年的投资是否足够。18亿青年成为世界人口的一个重要组成部分。他们中的90%生活在发展中国家，占据发展中国家人口的绝大部分。只有当政府真正实现向青年人投资，才有可能真正、永远地实现可持续发展。
74，000，000青年处于失业状态，截至2030年，全球将会新增超过600，000，000份工作。失业人口中，15到24岁的青年几乎是更大年龄段人口比例的三倍。在一些国家，青年人群失业率超过50个百分点。国家应把教育和工作的权利作为一项基本人权，关注消除各种形式的不平等，包括性别不平等。只有这样，青年们才能在岗位上全面发挥潜能，从家庭延伸至社会和国家层面，为国家繁荣贡献积极力量。
In short， engagement of the youth in development activities and their inclusion in the socio economic aspects of wealth generation will contribute to the prosperity of societies. Young people are connected to each other like never before； they are driving social progress， inspiring political change and building resilience. It has， however， been documented that many young people are prevented from achieving their true potential， because they lack access to quality education， health care， decent work and gainful opportunities to participate in society. They live in areas affected by crises， and hence are prevented from harnessing their true potential and worth. What young people also need are role models who can inspire and energize to help them unlock their potential. Investments in youth would not only translate into better lives for young people themselves， but also offer the opportunity to reap the benefits in terms of the contributions which in turn can lead to nation building， thereby ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come. UN-Habitat Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Award is recognition of the central role of young women and men shaping the present and future.
简而言之，青年在社会经济中制造财富的发展活动和包容的参与会为社会繁荣贡献力量。青年之间的联系空前紧密，他们正在驱动社会的进步，启发政治改革并建立弹性机制。然而，许多青年并没有完全发挥真正潜能，因为他们缺少参与社会活动的通道，例如接受高质量教育，享受健康医疗，拥有体面的工作或有回报的机遇。他们居住在受危机侵扰的地区，因此无法充分利用他们的潜能和价值。青年还需要榜样来鼓舞和激励他们释放潜能。
对青年的投资并不能单一的解读为为他们自身创造更好的生活，还包含提供给他们从国家建设成果中能够获取受益的机遇，从而进一步为子孙后代提供可持续发展的未来。联合国人居署青年创新创业奖是用来表彰青年男女们在塑造现在和未来时所发挥的核心作用。
From invention to innovation
从发明到创新
Just like transforming a lump of clay into a pot requires skill， artistry， material， vision and an idea， transforming invention into innovation requires several parts. Demographic structure and timing combined with a business model that can replace or enhance the use of an existing technology are elements that can promote innovation. Young people are often both innovators and consumers of inventions. It has been ad nauseam pointed out that most of the innovations in the information technology sector including the social media are created by young people and adopted and consumed by them. In order to nurture and promote the innovative nature of young people， a country will have provide an enabling environment， an environment that is responsive to the ideas and actions of young people and provide them with the capacity to innovate.
Some of these new technologies and inventions are also “disruptive” in the sense that new ways of doing things disrupt or overturn the traditional business methods and practices. E mails for example replaced the need for traditional post/letter delivery.
就像把一块粘土变成一只罐子需要技巧、艺术、材料、视觉和理念，将发明转化为创新也需要几个部分。与可替换或促进现有科技用途的商业模式相结合的动态结构和契机是推动创新的要素。青年往往兼有创新者和消费者的角色。我们曾不厌其烦地强调，包括社交媒体在内的大多数信息科技领域创新，都是由青年创造并接受和消费的。为培养和促进青年的创新性，国家必须提供有利环境，来响应青年的创新思维和行动，为他们提供创新能力。
一些新科技和发明也具有意义上的“颠覆性”，新方式会瓦解或颠覆传统商业模式和实践。例如电子邮件代替传统信件投递的需求。
The diversification of rural and urban employment and income is an increasingly important fact of life in the developing world； the agricultural path out of income poverty is relevant for only a portion of the rural poor. Hence the need for rural-urban linkages in innovation to promote employment and entrepreneurship. In rural areas， technological innovation can make direct contributions to farm household welfare， but the effects vary according to the level of integration of agricultural markets to urban areas.
Technological innovation can also have indirect benefits for the poor through effects on food prices， employment and backward and forward linkages with other parts of the economy.
农村和城市就业和收入的多元化越来越成为发展中国家生活的重要因素；农业走出收入贫困的道路只与农村贫困比例相关，因此，在创新中要利用城乡结合的需要来促进就业和创业。
在农村地区，科技创新可以直接带给农民收益，但收益大小取决于农产品市场与城市地区的一体化水平。
通过影响食品价格，就业与其他地区的经济联系，科技创新也可以为穷人带来间接利益。
Innovation for development
以创新求发展
It has often been explained that there are four4 processes to technological advances in an economy： discovery， invention， innovation， and diffusion. Discovery involves the elucidation of the fundamental processes of nature through observations of nature， reasoning， and experimentation. For example， Sir Isaacs Newton discovered the law of gravity by expanding upon the works of Galileo， Kepler， Halley， Huygens， Hooke， and others. It should also be noted that as science was beginning to grow in the cultures of Western civilization， it was likewise taking root or already taken root elsewhere in the world. Ancient and medieval China， India， and America in particular have been centers of the scientific world.
The difference between innovation and invention is that invention involves the creation of new things from new ideas while innovation is the introduction of new concepts to improve that which already exists.
Innovation plays an important role in addressing many of the developmental challenges such as providing access to drinking water， eradicating neglected diseases or addressing the needs of the hungry.
人们常说，在经济科技中的进步有四个阶段4：发现、发明、创新、扩散。发现涉及的基本自然过程包括对自然界的观察，推理和实验。例如，艾萨克·牛顿爵士在伽利略、开普勒、哈雷、惠更斯、胡克和其他研究者工作的基础上发现了万有引力定律。还应当指出，科学开始在西方文明的文化发展之初，它同样是始于扎根或已扎根在世界其他地方。古代和中世纪的中国，印度，特别是美国，就已成为了科学世界的中心。
创新和发明的区别在于，发明涉及到来自新想法的新事物创造，而创新是利用新概念来改进已有事物。
创新在处理很多发展所面临的挑战问题上发挥着重要作用，例如在饮用水、消除被忽略的疾病、饥饿等问题上提供解决渠道。
Technological progress occurs not at the point of invention – the discovery of new knowledge – but at the point of innovation – when an increase in productivity arises from the market/society -proven application of new technology.
Despite protective measures such as patents and trade markets， economic success of innovation depends on production and distribution of products and services across national borders. Hence the transfer and， when necessary， adaptation of technologies developed in one country can often contribute significantly to these goals in another. Effective international co-operation that involves both public and private bodies is an important mechanism for finding these much needed solutions. Building and enhancing innovation capacities have contributed to the growth and welfare of developing countries. Many developing countries have also recognized that innovation is not just about high-technology products.
科技进步不是体现在发明的时刻，即发现新知识，而是发生在创新的时刻，市场或社会生产率的提高就证明了新技术的应用。
尽管有保护措施，如专利和贸易市场，创新经济的成功仍取决于跨国界的产品和服务的生产和分配。因此，必要时可以采用科技转移。在一个国家建立的科技运用往往可以大大有助于在另一国家实现这些目标。有效的国际合作，包括公共和私营机构，都是发现这些急需解决方案的重要机制。
建立和提高创新能力有助于发展中国家的经济增长和福利。许多发展中国家也认识到，创新不仅仅指高科技产品。
Many countries have also learnt that innovation needs to be targeted to local needs in order to address challenges specific to the local context （e.g. Tropical diseases， combating Ebola）.
Ultimately， successful development strategy must always be combined with appropriate governance mechanisms to promote economic growth.
许多国家也认识到，创新需要有针对性的结合当地需求，以应对当地情况和挑战（如热带疾病，抗击埃博拉）。
最终，成功的发展战略必须结合适当的治理机制来促进经济增长。
Innovation and entrepreneurship
创新与创业
The acquired capacity to develop， organize and manage a business along with any of the many risks is fundamental to profit making. Prudent and wise management of any enterprise is a prerequisite for the success of the business.
Entrepreneurship helps with the diffusion of innovations. Diffusion is the spread of innovation to other firms so that they can remain competitive. This diffusion occurs by either emulating or copying others' products or processes， which can be achieved in many ways such as the use of the World Wide Web and internet.
有能力在众多风险中的创建、组织和运行商业，这些都是盈利的基础。谨慎和明智的管理是任何企业成功的先决条件。
创业有助于创新的扩散。扩散是指创新扩散到其他公司，使他们能够保持竞争力。这种扩散发生在模仿或复制他人的产品或过程中，它可以通过许多方式得以实现，例如万维网和因特网的使用。
1http：//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_innovation
2Majority of the governing members of the origination must be of 15-32 years of age. 获得者多数应在15到32岁之间。
3http：//unhabitat.org/media-centre/news/
4http：//thismatter.com/economics/technological-advances.htm