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目的利用地理信息系统(GIS)技术分析常州市狂犬病的空间区域分布和流行趋势,建立危险区域地图。方法收集常州市2004～2010年狂犬病疫情资料并作描述性分析;以乡镇为单位,通过SPSS软件对地理信息数据进行聚类分析;以常州市1︰10万地形图为背景,通过Mapinfo9.5软件确定流行区域范围,并建立危险区域地图。结果 2004～2010年常州市共出现38例狂犬病病例,呈现先上升后下降的趋势,男性多于女性,成年农民是高危人群;市区是狂犬病的低发区,而乡镇或农村众多的地区狂犬病发病数较多;以乡镇为单位,常州市的狂犬病发病呈散发状态,6个区(市)的24个乡镇(或街道)均有病例出现,水域附近的乡镇(或街道)可能是该市狂犬病的高危险地区。结论地理信息系统作为数据库和图形管理的工具,能更直观、形象和宏观的描述狂犬病流行情况,为制定预防控制策略提供帮助。
Objective To analyze the spatial distribution and epidemic trend of rabies in Changzhou by using geographic information system (GIS) technology and establish a map of dangerous area. Methods The epidemic data of rabies from 2004 to 2010 in Changzhou City were collected and analyzed descriptively. The cluster analysis of geographical information data was carried out by using SPSS software with the township as the unit. With the map of 1: 100 000 topographic maps of Changzhou City as the background, The software determines the area of prevalence and creates a map of the area of danger. Results A total of 38 cases of rabies were found in Changzhou from 2004 to 2010, showing an upward trend and a downward trend. There were more males than females and adult peasants were at high risk. The urban areas were the low incidence areas of rabies. In the towns and rural areas, rabies The incidence of rabies in Changzhou City was distributed as a unit in towns and townships. Cases of 24 towns (or streets) in 6 districts (cities) were found, and the townships (or streets) near the waters might be the cities Rabies high-risk areas. Conclusion As a tool of database and graph management, GIS can describe the epidemic of rabies more intuitively, vividly and macroscopically and help to make prevention and control strategies.