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目的了解粉尘作业人员对职业卫生相关知识的认知现状,为职业卫生健康教育工作提供科学的依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取四川省攀枝花市4 207名接尘作业人员进行问卷调查。结果共发放问卷4 207份,收回有效问卷4 104份,有效回收率为97.6%。职业健康知识的平均分为78.5±6.9,平均知晓率为87.2%,多因素直线回归分析结果显示影响接尘作业人员职业知识总分的因素有文化程度、企业规模、企业性质和工龄(P<0.01)。结论四川省攀枝花市粉尘作业人员职业健康知识知晓率水平一般,尤其中小型民营、外资企业的文化程度低、工龄较短的人群,是今后职业卫生健康教育的重点人群。
Objective To understand the status quo of dust-related knowledge of occupational health and to provide a scientific basis for occupational health education. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to collect 4 207 dust pick-up workers in Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province for questionnaire survey. Results A total of 4 207 questionnaires were distributed and 4 104 valid questionnaires were returned, with an effective recovery rate of 97.6%. The average score of occupational health knowledge was 78.5 ± 6.9 and the average awareness rate was 87.2%. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the total score of occupational knowledge of workers exposed to dust were degree of education, enterprise size, nature of enterprise and length of service (P < 0.01). Conclusion The awareness level of occupational health knowledge among dust-exposed workers in Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province is generally high. In particular, small and medium-sized private-owned and foreign-funded enterprises with low education level and short service life are the key people in occupational health and health education in the future.