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目的观察氟、钙和碘联合染毒对甲状腺系数和形态结构的交互作用。方法应用2×2×2析因实验设计将80只Wistar大鼠分成8组,分别为适中碘(3.5μg/d)+适中氟(90μg/d)+适中钙(13 mg/d)染毒组、适中碘+适中氟+高钙(260mg/d)染毒组、适中碘+高氟(2 700μg/d)+适中钙染毒组、适中碘+高氟+高钙染毒组、低碘(0.23μg/d)+适中氟+适中钙染毒组、低碘+适中氟+高钙染毒组、低碘+高氟+适中钙染毒组、低碘+高氟+高钙染毒组,每组10只,雌雄各半。喂养6个月后,观察甲状腺系数和形态结构的变化。结果低碘组雄性大鼠甲状腺系数高于适中碘组(F=6.234,P=0.018)。氟与钙联合染毒对雌性大鼠甲状腺系数有交互作用(F=4.483,P=0.042;),适中碘时显示协同作用,低碘时显示拮抗作用;氟与碘联合染毒对雌性大鼠甲状腺系数有拮抗作用(F=4.358,P=0.045)。固定为适中氟和适中钙时,低碘组雌性大鼠的甲状腺系数高于适中碘组(t=4.089,P=0.003);固定为适中氟和高钙时,低碘组雌性大鼠的甲状腺系数高于适中碘组(t=2.716,P=0.026);固定为适中碘和适中钙时,高氟组雌性大鼠的甲状腺系数低于适中氟组(t=0.016,P=3.047);固定为适中碘和高氟时,高钙组雌性大鼠的甲状腺系数高于适中钙组(t=3.982,P=0.004)。高氟组雌性大鼠滤泡壁上皮细胞长度低于适中氟组(F=6.196,P=0.018),高氟组雄性大鼠光密度低于适中氟组(F=4.550,P=0.041),高氟组雄性大鼠黑度高于适中氟组(F=7.744,P=0.009)。其他各组间无差异(均P>0.05)。结论低碘可引起雄性和雌性大鼠甲状腺系数的增加;氟可引起大鼠甲状腺系数降低、甲状腺细胞增加、胶质减少。
Objective To observe the interaction between fluoride, calcium and iodine on thyroid coefficient and morphological structure. Methods Eighty Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups according to a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. They were moderate iodine (3.5 μg / d), moderate fluoride (90 μg / d) and moderate calcium (13 mg / d) Moderate iodine + high fluoride + high calcium exposure group, moderate iodine + high fluoride (2 700μg / d) + moderate calcium exposure group, moderate iodine + high fluoride + high calcium exposure group, Low iodine + moderate fluoride + high calcium exposure group, low iodine + high fluoride + moderate calcium exposure group, low iodine + high fluoride + high calcium exposure group (0.23 μg / d) Toxic group, each group 10, male and female. After six months of feeding, the changes of thyroid coefficient and morphological structure were observed. Results The thyroid gland index of low iodine group was higher than that of moderate iodine group (F = 6.234, P = 0.018). The combination of fluoride and calcium had an interaction on the thyroid coefficient of female rats (F = 4.483, P = 0.042). When iodine was moderate, it showed synergistic effect and showed antagonism when low iodine. Thyroid factor antagonism (F = 4.358, P = 0.045). Fixed to moderate fluoride and moderate calcium, low iodine group of female rats thyroid gland coefficient is higher than the moderate iodine group (t = 4.089, P = 0.003); fixed for moderate fluoride and high calcium, low iodine group of female rats thyroid (T = 2.716, P = 0.026). When fixed to moderate iodine and moderate calcium, the thyroid coefficient of high fluoride group was lower than that of moderate fluoride group (t = 0.016, P = 3.047) For moderate iodine and high fluoride, the thyroid coefficient of high calcium group female rats was higher than that of moderate calcium group (t = 3.982, P = 0.004). In the high fluoride group, the length of the follicular wall epithelial cells in the female rats was lower than that in the moderate fluoride group (F = 6.196, P = 0.018) The blackness of male rats in high fluoride group was higher than that of moderate fluoride group (F = 7.744, P = 0.009). No difference among the other groups (all P> 0.05). Conclusion Low iodine can cause the increase of thyroid coefficient in male and female rats. Fluorine can cause the thyroid gland coefficient to decrease, thyroid cell increase and glial decrease.