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为增加油葵产量,提高油葵子粒品质,在宁夏中部干旱区采用无机、有机肥相结合的培肥方式,研究不同培肥方式对油葵产量和品质的影响,为当地油葵合理培肥提供理论依据。结果,以化肥配施生物炭3 000kg/hm~2处理子粒产量最高,与处理1(CK)相比增产2.97倍。与对照相比,培肥可降低子粒粗脂肪含量(内盘子粒粗脂肪含量降低11.02%~19.61%,外盘子粒粗脂肪含量降低9.52%~16.70%),增加子粒粗蛋白含量(内盘子粒粗蛋白含量增加54.11%~79.31%,外盘子粒粗蛋白含量增加34.81%~76.92%),内盘子粒与外盘子粒粗脂肪与粗蛋白含量变化规律一致。与对照相比,化肥配施有机肥可提高油葵子粒油酸、硬脂酸含量,降低亚油酸、棕酮酸含量,其中化肥配施羊粪37 500kg/hm~2处理对提高油酸含量、降低亚油酸含量的效果优于其他培肥处理。从油葵产量与品质综合考虑,化肥与有机肥配施有利于油葵产量的提高和品质的改善,其中化肥配施生物炭3 000kg/hm~2效果最好,其次为化肥配施羊粪37 500kg/hm~2。
In order to increase the yield of sunflower and improve the quality of the sunflower seed, we used the combination of inorganic and organic fertilizers to study the effect of different fertilizing methods on the yield and quality of sunflower, Provide a theoretical basis. As a result, the highest yield of fertilizers with biochar 3 000 kg / hm ~ 2 was obtained, and the yield was 2.97 times higher than that of treatment 1 (CK). Compared with the control, the fertilization could reduce the crude fat content (11.02% -19.61% reduction of crude fat content in the inner panicle grain and 9.52% -16.70% reduction of the crude fat content in the outer panicle grain), and increase the crude protein content Crude protein content increased 54.11% ~ 79.31%, outer panicle protein content increased 34.81% ~ 76.92%), inner panicle and outer panicle crude fat and crude protein content changes consistent. Compared with the control, chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer can increase the oleic acid and stearic acid content of oil sunflower seeds, and reduce the content of linoleic acid and palmitic acid. The application of 37 500kg / hm 2 fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer on the increase of oleic acid Content, reduce the content of linoleic acid better than other fertilizer treatment. Considering the yield and quality of sunflower oil, the combination of chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers is beneficial to the increase of yield and quality of sunflower, of which 3 000 kg / hm ~ 2 fertilizer is the best, followed by chemical fertilizer with sheep manure 37 500kg / hm ~ 2.