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目的分析职业性慢性苯中毒致再生障碍性贫血患者周围血及骨髓细胞形态学,了解苯对造血系统的损害。方法采用髂前或髂后部位抽取患者骨髓,综合分析25例住院苯中毒致再生障碍性贫血患者的周围血及骨髓细胞形态学特征。结果本研究25例住院苯中毒致再生障碍性贫血患者,粒、红、巨3系细胞主要病理变化为:粒系可见中毒颗粒、空泡变性等;大多数患者红系可见病态造血,成熟红细胞形态大小不一;巨核细胞减少或无,偶见小巨核。周围血象可见至少1系或2系发育不良。结论长期接触苯及苯的同系物,可导致人体骨髓造血功能异常;周围血常规可作为过筛检查。
Objective To analyze the morphology of peripheral blood and bone marrow cells in patients with aplastic anemia caused by chronic benzene poisoning and to understand the damage of benzene to the hematopoietic system. Methods The bone marrow of patients with aplastic anemia caused by benzene poisoning in hospital were analyzed by using the anterior or posterior iliac bone to extract the bone marrow. The morphological characteristics of peripheral blood and bone marrow cells were analyzed. Results In this study, 25 cases of aplastic anemia caused by benzene poisoning in hospital were studied. The main pathological changes of granulosa, erythrocyte and giant mesenchymal cells were: granulocytic visible poisoning particles, vacuolar degeneration and so on. Most patients had pathological hematopoiesis, red blood cells Morphological size varies; megakaryocytes reduced or no, occasionally small megakaryocytes. Peripheral blood can be seen at least 1 or 2 Department of dysplasia. Conclusion Long-term exposure to benzene and benzene homologues, can lead to abnormal bone marrow hematopoietic function; peripheral blood can be used as a screening test.