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Background: Microorganisms are one of the oldest and largest known ecosystems,as well as play an important part in the depth study of microbial communities on earth,yet little is known about the molecular component underlying these communities.Researches about using the metatranscriptome to explore microbial community structure,function and metabolism are paid a significant attention.Metatranscriptomics is a new orientation of the development of genetic engineering developed after metagenomics,and it provides a new strategy for the study of microorganisms.Here,our group is working on the cyanobacterium microcystis in Lake Taihu with the metatranscriptome analysis,hoping to provide a theoretical basis for the research and management of cyanobacterial bloom through this platform.